Overview of Military Conflict

The history of humankind is replete with accounts of social and military conflict, and archeological and anthropological research indicates that organized, armed conflict occurred well before the age in which there were written records. Military Conflict in various forms has occurred so often in the past that periods of peace are counted as notable exceptions to the normal state of affairs. War, military and naval campaigns, battles, combat, insurrections, terrorism, duels, and other forms of military conflict are mentioned frequently in most general histories recording social, economic, and political events and are the subject of many specialized histories. Military Conflict, it seems, is endemic to humankind and for thousands of years has had much to do with the rise and fall of tribes, cultures, empires, and nations.

Many explanations have been offered for this condition. Much effort and resources have gone into waging war, and substantial mental effort and research have gone into studying war. The strategy and tactics of war, campaigns, and battles have been the subjects of observation, generalization, speculation, and analysis ever since humans started fighting each other in an organized manner. Literature has many anecdotes, personal accounts, philosophical treatises, and prescriptive essays on military conflict. Many works are sufficiently general to be applied after the fact or ambiguous enough to rationalize whatever a particular commander wants to do. Some works, particularly those written by the victors, reflect significant biases. Other works are excellent descriptions but uncertain prescriptions. Still others present analytical or mathematical descriptions of military conflict that are definite, numerical, and often incompatible with experience. There are many explanations of military conflict but not very much agreement on the underlying principles and causative factors -- this underlies the work of TMCI.

One reason for lack of agreement about military conflict is that applying the scientific method of analysis is particularly difficult. Many natural phenomena can be observed and replicated in experiments to help establish cause and effect relationships. However, the most important military conflict phenomena cannot be replicated for experimental purposes, and data are available only from the historical record, which is intermittent and often inaccurate. Military conflict is a human endeavor - perhaps the most complex and challenging human endeavor - and it is therefore not entirely susceptible to the scientific method. One result of the uneven application of scientific method to military conflict has been an array of mathematical models that quantify and relate the physical aspects of conflict but imprecisely represent the human aspects. On the other hand, there is also a body of knowledge from history and the social sciences that describes conflict in human terms but tends to ignore or misinterpret the physical aspects.

A generally accepted conceptual framework, terminology, and approach for addressing Military Conflict is essential for understanding and dealing with this particular set of complex phenomena. Other fields of study, such as psychology, sociology, economics, political science, biochemistry, and physics, have generally accepted conceptual frameworks within which differences can be considered rationally and similarities appreciated. After five thousand years of human and military history, there ought to be a general theory or framework for the systematic, scientific, study of military conflict.

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Military-Writers.com is pleased to announce the addition of these servicemembers to the website:

Brigadier General George Macon Shuffer, Jr., USA (ret.)
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Lt. Colonel Joseph D. Posz, USA (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Thomas Jackson Slaybaugh, USAF (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Nathaniel “Ted” Colby, USA (ret.)
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Captain Bernard W. Peterson, USMC (ret.)
Lieutenant Junior Grade James E. Vaughan, USN (ret.)

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Major General Charlie Cooper, USAF (ret.)
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Colonel Jeffery M. Freeman, USA (ret.)
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Lt. Colonel William K. Emerson, USA (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Glenn G. Boyer, USAF (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Gordon Cucullu, USA (ret.)
Lt. Colonel William F. Otten, Jr., USAF (ret.)
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Face of Defense: Airman Designs White House Christmas Tree Ornament

By Air Force Tech. Sgt. Luke Johnson
Special to American Forces Press Service

Dec. 24, 2008 - A reservist with the 940th Air Refueling Wing here was selected by California's 2nd district congressman and the 9th Reconnaissance Wing commander to design an ornament for the White House Christmas tree. The theme for this year's White House Christmas celebration is "Red, White and Blue Christmas," and the ornaments featured on the tree were decorated by artists around the country to represent the unique patriotic spirit of each artist's state.

Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Stuart Bisland designed the "Team Beale" ornament for the White House Christmas tree. At the request of first lady Laura Bush, Bisland was present for the unveiling of the tree.

"Back in September, I was contacted by Brig. Gen. Robert Otto and his staff and asked to paint the White House ornament," Bisland said. "They asked me to depict the emerging intelligence missions we perform at Beale Air Force Base."

On one side of the ornament is the curvature of the Earth, space and the moon, with an RQ-4 Global Hawk flying on the edge of the atmosphere and a satellite in the distance.

On the other side of the ornament is a U-2 "Dragon Lady" flying through lightning with the Sutter Buttes in the background. The ornament also features the Team Beale logo surrounded by new and old Air Force insignia.

The chief also managed to include a personal touch to the ornament.

"In dedication to my late father, Richard Bisland, a Grumman aerospace lunar module engineer, I airbrushed a very small gold lunar module launching from the moon," Bisland said.

The experience and the opportunity to represent Beale and the Air Force at the unveiling of the White House Christmas tree was overwhelming, Bislund said.

"What makes this tree so special is that every inch of the 20-foot Fraser fir [from North Carolina] is decorated with red, white and blue decorations and the ornaments painted for Mrs. Bush and our congressmen," he said. "Standing in its presence, you get a real sense of the honor to be a chosen artist for your state. This was quite an experience, and I was proud to represent the 9th RW, the Air Force Reserve, the 940th ARW and all of the airmen of Beale."

(Air Force Tech. Sgt. Luke Johnson serves in the 940th Air Refueling Wing public affairs office.)

Civilian Orthopedic Surgeon Witnesses Servicemembers' Sacrifices Firsthand

By Navy Lt. Jennifer Cragg
Special to American Forces Press Service

Dec. 24, 2008 - A civilian orthopedic surgeon who has seen servicemembers' sacrifices firsthand said he believes the nation owes them a debt of gratitude, and that he'll bring techniques he saw in the military health system to his own practice. "I firmly believe as citizens we owe [our troops] great thanks," said Dr. Brendan M. Patterson, chairman of the orthopedic surgery department at MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland. Patterson returned in mid-December from Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in Germany after completing the two-week Distinguished Visiting Scholar Program.

Patterson is the 18th scholar to participate in this program since its inception in July 2007.

"We live in an extraordinary country at a critical time in history, and there are a select few members who serve in the military who are on a daily basis are making significant sacrifices of time with their family and loved ones particularly this time of year to protect the interests of the majority," Patterson said yesterday during a "Dot Mil Docs" interview on BlogTalkRadio.com.

The chairman of the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and co-director of Orthopaedic Trauma at Rhode Island Hospital in Providence, retired Army Col. (Dr.) Roman Hayda, said the program was established to provide a link between the civilian and military orthopedic communities.

"The scholars have at least 10 years of trauma experience with demonstrated leadership and dedication to teaching," Hayda said. "They provide some assistance to the experienced military surgeons at Landstuhl while being able to more fully appreciate the complexity of injuries experienced by our servicemembers."

Hayda said scholars volunteer for the service by contacting the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

"The selection is then based on a review of their credentials with a panel of tri-service military members, to include a representative from [Landstuhl] and a civilian board member," he explained.

Patterson said his two-week visit to Landstuhl was an opportunity he would be unlikely to have in the civilian sector.

"I don't think experience in a civilian center can prepare one for the type of injuries that these young soldiers experience," he said. "The modern warfare has brought with it the improvised explosive device, which has really dramatically altered the character of injures experienced by people in combat, and the concentration of a blast force on the extremities is truly a different type of injury."

Patterson said he gained a new respect for the orthopedic surgeons he worked with in Landstuhl.

"The orthopedic surgeons are an outstanding group at Landstuhl, and we were able to do a few cases together where some of the soft-tissue techniques are used in civilian trauma centers to cover exposed bone and exposed surfaces," he said. "We were able to use a few techniques mobilizing muscle and putting some traction on some skin that would salvage [or] save some length of a particular injured extremity."

He said he would bring some other techniques witnessed at Landstuhl back to his practice.

"Some of the treatments, particularly with the management of contaminated open wounds, use some of the time-honored approaches of allowing the body some time to respond and not rushing a closure that would potentially lead to an infection," he said. "I think that is one piece [that I will] bring back.

"The other is the commitment to pain management," he continued. "There is a lot of time and effort expended on regional anesthesia. Putting in blocks so that they can make an entire extremity numb to relieve their suffering and pain is quite extraordinary."

Patterson said he was impressed by the screening tests for traumatic brain injury.

"The military has done an incredible job in looking for traumatic brain injury," he said. "Everyone at Landstuhl had a screening test for traumatic brain injury that identified those patients who may have suffered some degree of concussive or head injury. The military medical system has really done a good amount of work on making sure those screening tests are done on every soldier."

(Navy Lt. Jennifer Cragg serves in the New Media directorate of the Defense Media Activity.)

MILITARY CONTRACTS December 24, 2008

Air Force

The Air Force awarded a contract to Boeing Satellite Systems, Inc., El Segundo, California for $75,000,000. This will authorize Boeing to continue the Transformational Communications Satellite Risk Reduction and System Definition (RR&SD) baseline efforts. (FA8808-04-C-0022/P00052).

The Air Force awarded a contract to Lockheed Martin Space Systems Corporation, Sunnyvale, California for 75,000,000. This will authorize Lockheed Martin to continue the Transformational Communications Satellite (TSAT) Risk Reduction and System Definition (RR&SD) baseline efforts. (FA8808-04-C-0023/P00053)

Army

Hawker Beechcraft Corporation, Wichita, Kan., was awarded on Dec 19, 2008, a $12,697,384 firm/fixed/price contract for the purchase of 2 each Hawker Beechcraft Super King Air Model 350 aircrafts. Work will be performed in Ozark, Ala., with an estimated completion date of Jul 31, 2009. One bid was solicited and one bid received. U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, Ala., is the contracting activity (W58RGZ-09-C-0087).

General Dynamics-Armament and Technical Products, Burlington, Vt., was awarded on Dec 22, 2008 a $20,058,654.50 firm/fixed/price contract to Load, Assemble and Pack (LAP) of 155mm M231 and M232A1 Modular Artillery Charge System (MACS) propelling charge increments. Work will be performed in Hampton, Ariz., with an estimated completion date of Sept 5, 2009. Bids were solicited on the Web with two bids received. Joint Munitions & Lethality Contracting Center, Picatinny Arsenal, N.J., is the contracting activity (W15QKN-09-C-0046).

The Boeing Company, Ridley Park, Pa., was awarded on Dec 19, 2008, a $620,744,955 firm/fixed/price contract for CH-47F Multiyear contract for second year Production Lot 7, 16 each CH-47F new build aircraft, 15 each CH-47F remanufacture aircraft, over and above, Production Lot 8 Long Lead Items. Work will be performed in Ridley Park, Pa., with an estimated completion date of Sept 30, 2013. One bid was solicited and one bid received. U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, Ala., is the contracting activity (w58rgz-08-c-0098).

Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems, El Segundo, Ca. was awarded on Dec 19, 2008, a $10,668,899 Cost Price Firm Fixed contract for Research: This program relates to the TRUST in Integrated Circuits (TIC) program to advance science and technology for ensuring integrated circuits (IC) can be trusted regardless of their origin and fabrication process. In Phase II (the subject of this announcement), Raytheon will refine their techniques to protect all stages of the Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) design process. Work will be performed in El Segundo and San Jose, Ca.; Lexington, Mass.; Nashua, N.H.; and Albuquerque, N.M.; with an estimated completion date of Dec 22, 2009. Bids were solicited by a broad agency announcement with 29 bids received. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, Va., is the contracting activity (HR0011-08-C-0005).

Johns Hopkins University – Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Md., was awarded on Dec 19, 2008 a $8,370,480 Cost Plus Fixed – Fee contract for Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab to participate in the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency Chemical Sensor Program. Work will be performed in Laurel, Md., and Stillwater, Okla., with an estimated completion date of May 18, 2011. Bids were solicited on the Web with two bids received. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, Va., is the contracting activity (HR0011-09-C-0029).

Rolls Royce Corporation, Indianapolis, Ind., was awarded on Dec 19, 2008 a $32,503,995 firm/fixed/price five-year contract for the Delivery Order to exercise Calendar Year (CY) 09 Option on the Model 250-C30R/3 engines Contractor Logistics Support contract. Delivery Order 0004 contains Contract Line Item Numbers CLINs 0001 (Contractor Field Service Representative), CLIN 4004 (Engineering/Program Management Support), CLIN 5001 (Engine/Component/Part/Repair Overhaul) and CLIN 7001 (Power-By-The Hour Rate per Flight Hour). This contract performance period ends Dec 31, 2008. Work will be performed in Indianapolis, Ind., with an estimated completion date of Dec 31, 2010. One bid was solicited and one bid received. U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, is the contracting activity (W58RGZ-06-D0072).

Raytheon Missile Systems Company, Tucson, Ariz., was awarded on Dec 19, 2008 a firm/fixed/price with cost/plus/fixed/fee line items contract for Griffin munitions and engineering services. Work will be performed in Tucson, Ariz., with an estimated completion date of Aug 31, 2009. One bid was solicited and one bid received. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Aviation and Missile Contracting Center, Redstone Arsenal, is the contracting activity (W31P4Q-08-C-0252).

Luna Innovations, Inc., Roanoke, Va., was awarded on Dec 19, 2008 a $6,173,760 Cost Plus Fixed Fee contract for Research: Luna Innovations will develop an independent suite of tools to verify that Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) bit streams can be TRUSTed and contain only that functionality specified in the design implementation: nothing more and nothing less. They will also develop tools to authenticate that the target FPGA hardware platform has not been substituted within the supply chain. Work will be performed in Roanoke, Va., with an estimated completion date of Dec 19, 2008. Bids were solicited by Broad Agency Announcement with 30 bids received. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, Va., is the contracting activity (HR0011-08-C-0007).

Laser Shot, Inc., Stafford, Texas, was awarded on Dec 19, 2008 a $10,764,066 Primarily Firm Fixed Price/with Time & Material CLINs for travel contract for procurement of a personal computer (PC) game based training solution, a first person shooter that leverages commercial or government off-the-shelf (COTS/GOTS) products. Procurement includes delivery of game-based training software with an Army-wide license, integration of the software on Government Furnished Equipment (GFE) PCs, fielding, New Equipment Training, web portal development and technical support. Work will be performed in Orlando, Fla., with an estimated completion date of Dec 31, 2012.Bids were solicited on the Web with two bids received. Program Executive Office, Simulation, Training and Instrumentation, Orlando, Fla., is the contracting activity (W900KK-09-C-0009).

Q.B.S., Inc., Alliance, Ohio, was awarded on Dec 19, 2008 a $10,811,000 firm/fixed contract to design and construct Company Operations Facilities (COF), approximately 54,000 square feet for the 82nd Airborne Division. Primary facilities consist of Readiness Module (4) and Administrative Module, Covered Hardstand and parking. Project also includes all infrastructure and utilities. Work is to be performed at Fort Bragg, N.C., with an estimated completion date of Sep 30, 2010. Four proposals were solicited and three proposals received. U.S. Army Engineer District, Savannah, Ga., is the contracting activity (W912HN-08-D-0038).

Thales-Raytheon Systems Company LLC, Fullerton, Ca., was awarded on Dec 19, 2008 $19,068,741 a firm/fixed/price 3 year IDIQ contract for award of a production buy for spare parts to support AN/TPQ-36(V) and AN/TPQ-37(V) FIREFINDER Radar Systems. Work is to be performed in Fullerton, Ca. with an estimated completion date of June 30, 2012. Bids were solicited by sole source (1) with one bid received. CECOM Acquisition Center, Fort Monmouth, N.J., is the contracting activity (W15P7T-06-D-T001).

General Dynamics Land Systems, Sterling Heights, Mich., was awarded on Dec 23, 2008 a $6,995,634.10 firm/fixed/price contract for 130 each display, Optoelectro also known as Improved Driver's Integrated Display with Containers. Work is to be performed in Tallahassee, Fla., with an estimated completion date of Dec 30, 2011. One bid was solicited and one bid received. Tank and Automotive Command, Warren, Mich., is the contracting activity (W52H09-07-G-0001).

Archer Western Contractors, Baltimore, Md., was awarded on Dec 23, 2008 a $88,893,929 firm/fixed/price contract to design and construct a standard design unaccompanied enlisted personnel housing complex consisting of two 6-story 222-Person barracks building (174,000 square feet); one 6-story 228-Person barracks (149,000 square feet) and 8 Company Operation Facility (COFs) (readiness module, administrative module, covered hardstand, troop aid station). Facilities systems included fire alarm, detection, and reporting systems, automatic building fire sprinklers; energy monitoring and control system (EMCS) system with connections to central monitoring location, and intrusion detection system; interior communications, and building information systems; and force protection measures. Supporting facilities include utilities, fire protection and alarm systems, paving, walks, curbs and gutters, traffic signage, storm drainage including underground storm water retention, erosion control measures, information systems, landscaping, and site improvements. Work is to be performed at Fort Bragg, N.C., with an estimated completion date of Mar 31, 2010. Four proposals were solicited and three bids received. U.S. Army Engineer District, Savannah, Ga., is the contracting activity (W912HN-07-D-0051).

Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, Stratford, Conn., was awarded on Dec 23, 2008 an $84,988,629 firm/fixed/price contract to exercise option for six (6) Navy MH-60R Helicopters. Work is to be performed in Stratford, Conn., with an estimated completion date of Dec 31, 2012. One bid was solicited and one bid received. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Redstone Arsenal, Ala., is the contracting activity (W58RGZ-08-C-0003).

Lockheed Martin Corp, Missiles and fire Control – Dallas, Grand Prairie, Texas, was awarded on Dec 23, 2008 a $774,776,167 firm/fixed/price (FFP) and cost/plus/fixed/fee (CPFF) contract for PATRIOT Advanced Capability – 3 (PAC-3) FY09 Production Buy which consists of 188 Missiles, Tooling, Parts Library, Storage and Aging, Interim Contractor Depot Support, Concurrent Spares and Replenishment Spares. Work is to be performed in Grand Prairie and Lufkin, Texas: Camden, Ark.; Chelmsford, Mass.; Orlando and Ocala, Fla., with an estimated completion date of July 31, 2010. One bid was solicited and one bid received. U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal is the contracting activity (W31P4Q-09-C-0002).

Bush Calls Troops With Holiday Greetings

By John J. Kruzel
American Forces Press Service

Dec. 24, 2008 - President George W. Bush telephoned nine deployed servicemembers from each military branch this morning to pass along holiday greetings and thank them for their service. A White House news release referred to the call recipients as "exemplary members of the armed forces who are stationed in remote locations worldwide." Troops received calls in Iraq; Afghanistan; Guantanamo Bay, Cuba; Southwest Asia; and the Persian Gulf.

The recipients include:

-- Army Staff Sgt. Ryan E. Crissman of Cleveland Heights, Ohio, who is deployed to Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan, with the 101st Airborne Division's Special Troops Battalion in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. Crissman recently was selected as noncommissioned officer of the quarter for his battalion and for Combined Joint Task Force 101. He is on his second deployment since 2001; he previously served a tour in Samarra, Iraq.

-- Army Spc. Marcus T. Brown of Brooklyn, N.Y., who is deployed to Baghdad with the 4th Infantry Division's 1st Brigade Combat Team. Brown's unit came under fire April 30, and he was wounded by an armor-piercing makeshift bomb. Despite his wounds, he continued to fight and was awarded the Bronze Star Medal with valor device. Brown is responsible for the technical attributes of his entire squad's weapon system and is an expert in all matters relating to the infantry mortar platoon.

-- Army Sgt. Aaron M. Simmons of Texas City, Texas, who is deployed to Baghdad with the 4th Infantry Division's 3rd Brigade Combat Team. Simmons is a team leader in a mechanized infantry company, and he ensures soldiers meet standards in personal equipment, training them to maintain and account for all equipment and property.

-- Marine Corps Cpl. Louise M. Nowak of Pound, Wis., who is deployed to Kandahar, Afghanistan, with Combat Logistics Battalion 3, Special Purpose Marine Air-Ground Task Force. Nowak is a combat engineer specializing in vertical and horizontal construction, demolitions, building bridges and working with mines. She also conducts mobility, survivability and counter-mobility missions.

-- Navy Petty Officer 1st Class Jerry W. Pearse of Newberry Springs, Calif., who is deployed to Numaniyah Military Training Base, Iraq, with the Coalition Army Advisory Training Team, Multinational Security Transition Command Iraq. Pearse is an engineering advisor, maintenance officer, and assistant contracting officer representative for the second largest Iraqi army training base in Iraq.

-- Air Force Staff Sgt. Matthew "Matt" Hise of Christiansburg, Va., deployed to Kabul, Afghanistan, with the 19th Logistics Readiness Squadron. Hise is an air mobility load planner who ensures equipment and vehicles are certified for airlift. He also prepares weight and balance for cargo aircraft.

-- Air Force Senior Airman Daniel "Dan" Gutowski of Manistee, Mich., who is deployed to Southwest Asia with the 437th Airlift Wing's 15th Airlift Squadron and is currently assigned to the 385th Air Expeditionary Group. Gutowski is a C-17A Globemaster III special operations-qualified loadmaster, responsible for the loading/unloading of C-17A aircraft, and providing safe and efficient airlift for passengers. He earned two Air Medals for completing 40 demanding C-17A combat missions through Afghanistan and Iraq.

-- Coast Guard Petty Officer 2nd Class Larry N. Ambrose of Edenton, N.C., who is deployed to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, with Coast Guard Port Security Unit 305. Ambrose serves as a leading petty officer and security fire team leader. He is directly responsible for the supervision and training of six junior enlisted personnel. He recently was selected as the unit's sailor of the quarter.

-- Coast Guard Fireman Matthew "Matt" Frounfelker of Beaver Creek, Ohio, who is deployed with Coast Guard Cutter Aquidneck in the Persian Gulf. Frounfelker has participated in high-risk boardings, ensuring the safety and security of vessel traffic to and from the Al-Basra Oil Terminal and Khor al-Amaya Oil Terminal. His shipboard duties include assisting the damage control petty officer and acting as boarding team member, small boat crewman, in-port crewman and engineer of the watch.

Military Books

Military-Writers.com is pleased to announce the addition of these servicemembers to the website:

General Merrill B. Twining, USMC (ret.)
Colonel George S. Oliver, USA (ret.)
Captain George P. Santos, USN (ret.)
Captain Allan P. Slaff, USN (ret.)
Colonel Richard Taylor, USA (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Leigh M. Trowbridge, USA (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Fredrick D. Sundloff, USAF (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Robert M. Boyles, II, USA (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Norman J. Fortier, USAF (ret.)
Lt. Colonel Troy Thompson, Jr., USAF (ret.)
First Lieutenant Morris Cohen, USA (ret.)
Mark Mynheir, USMC


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National Security Archive Update, December 23, 2008

"We can bomb the bejesus out of them all over North Vietnam."

Archive Publishes Treasure Trove of Kissinger Telephone Conversations

Comprehensive Collection of Kissinger "Telcons" Provides Inside View of Government Decision-Making;

Reveals Candid talks with Presidents, Foreign Leaders, Journalists, and Power-brokers during Nixon-Ford Years

For more information contact:
William Burr/Thomas Blanton - 202/994-7000

http://www.nsarchive.org

Washington, DC, December 23, 2008 - Amidst a massive bombing campaign over North Vietnam, Henry Kissinger and Richard Nixon candidly shared their evident satisfaction at the "shock treatment" of American B-52s, according to a declassified transcript of their telephone conversation published for the first time today by the National Security Archive. "They dropped a million pounds of bombs," Kissinger briefed Nixon. "A million pounds of bombs," Nixon exclaimed. "Goddamn, that must have been a good strike." The conversation, secretly recorded by both Kissinger and Nixon without the other's knowledge, reveals that the President and his national security advisor shared a belief in 1972 that the war could still be won. "That shock treatment [is] cracking them," Nixon declared. "I tell you the thing to do is pour it in there every place we can... just bomb the hell out of them." Kissinger optimistically predicted that, if the South Vietnamese government didn't collapse, the U.S. would eventually prevail: "I mean if as a country we keep our nerves, we are going to make it."

The transcript of the April 15, 1972, phone conversation is one of over 15,500 documents in a unique, comprehensively-indexed set of the telephone conversations (telcons) of Henry A. Kissinger--perhaps the most famous and controversial U.S. official of the second half of the 20th century. Unbeknownst to the rest of the U.S. government, Kissinger secretly taped his incoming and outgoing phone conversations and had his secretary transcribe them. After destroying the tapes, Kissinger took the transcripts with him when he left office in January 1977, claiming they were "private papers." In 2001, the National Security Archive initiated legal proceedings to force the government to recover the telcons, and used the Freedom of Information Act to obtain the declassification of most of them. After a three-year project to catalogue and index the transcripts, which total over 30,000 pages, this on-line collection was published by the Digital National Security Archive (ProQuest) this week.

Kissinger never intended these papers to be made public, according to William Burr, senior analyst at the National Security Archive, who edited the collection, Kissinger Telephone Conversations: A Verbatim Record of U.S. Diplomacy, 1969-1977. "Kissinger's conversations with the most influential personalities of the world rank right up there with the Nixon tapes as the most candid, revealing and valuable trove of records on the exercise of executive power in Washington," Burr stated. For reporters, scholars, and students, Burr noted, "Kissinger created a gift to history that will be a tremendous primary source for generations to come." He called on the State Department to declassify over 800 additional telcons that it continues to withhold on the grounds of executive privilege.

The documents shed light on every aspect of Nixon-Ford diplomacy, including U.S.-Soviet détente, the wars in Southeast Asia, the 1969 Biafra crisis, the 1971 South Asian crisis, the October 1973 Middle East War, and the 1974 Cyprus Crisis, among many other developments. Kissinger's dozens of interlocutors include political and policy figures, such as Presidents Nixon and Ford, Secretary of State William Rogers, Governor Nelson Rockefeller, Robert S. McNamara, and Soviet Ambassador Anatoli Dobrynin; journalists and publishers, such as Ted Koppel, James Reston, and Katherine Graham; and such show business friends as Frank Sinatra. Besides the telcons, the Kissinger Telephone Conversations: A Verbatim Record of U.S. Diplomacy, 1969-1977 includes audio tape of Kissinger's telephone conversations with Richard Nixon that were recorded automatically by the secret White House taping system, some of which Kissinger's aides were unable to transcribe.

Visit the Web site of the National Security Archive for more information.

http://www.nsarchive.org

New Unified Command Plan Spells Out Responsibilities, Missions

By Donna Miles
American Forces Press Service

Dec. 23, 2008 - President George W. Bush has signed an updated unified command plan that codifies U.S. Africa Command, shifts responsibility for parts of the Caribbean Sea to U.S. Northern Command and assigns cyberspace and pandemic influenza missions to other combatant commanders. The revised plan, which Bush signed Dec. 17, is the key strategic document that spells out the missions, responsibilities and geographical boundaries of each functional and geographic combatant command within the U.S. military, Pentagon spokesman Bryan Whitman explained.

Navy Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Joint Staff led the review process, with input from every combatant commander and service chief and much of the Defense Department leadership.

Mullen submitted the plan through Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates to the president for final approval, officials said. Congress received notice of the revisions yesterday.

Major changes to the plan include:

-- Codifying Africom, which became fully operational-capable Oct. 1, as a geographic combatant command by assigning specific missions, responsibilities and geographic boundaries;

-- Shifting the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and the Turks and Caicos Islands from U.S. Southern Command's to U.S. Northern Command's area of responsibility;

-- Assigning every combatant commander responsibility for planning and conducting military support for stability, security, transition, reconstruction operations, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief;

-- Assigning central planning authorities for several global missions, including pandemic influenza response, cyberspace operations, global operations against terrorist networks, combating weapons of mass destruction and global missile defense; and

-- Codify U.S. Pacific Command's responsibility for homeland defense operations in Hawaii, Guam and other U.S. territories within its area of responsibility.

The plan codifies a new "pandemic influenza" mission and tasks Northcom to plan departmentwide efforts in support of the U.S. government response to an outbreak. U.S. Strategic Command is assigned responsibility for the department's cyberspace mission, Whitman said.

Meanwhile, U.S. Special Operations Command is assigned responsibility for global operations against terrorist networks, and Stratcom becomes responsible for combating weapons of mass destruction and global missile defense.

"This is a new concept," Whitman said of the synchronized global planning construct. "What it means is the assignment of responsibilities to a single coordinator to coordinate missions that exceed the responsibility of any one commander."

The new document is the first unified command plan to assign all combatant commanders responsibility for missions ranging from stability operations to humanitarian and disaster relief. The goal, Whitman explained, is to give added emphasis on these areas to head off problems "before they reach crisis proportions."

"If all the combatant commanders are out there conducting stability operations, this can have the effect of strengthening governance and really preventing the creation of these ungoverned spaces ... that are troublesome and are used as safe havens for terrorist activities," he said.

The realignment of Northcom's boundary is designed to improve the department's effectiveness in its homeland defense and support to civil authorities missions, officials said. The revision follows Gates' decision in August 2007 to task Northcom to provide civil support if requested by the U.S. Virgin Islands or Puerto Rico in the event of a natural disaster.

Meanwhile, assignment of the cyberspace mission to Stratcom recognizes cyberspace as a warfighting domain critical to joint military operations, officials said. The revised unified command plan will give new emphasis to this capability, they said, ensuring it is protected, defended and leveraged for the United States.

Many Pentagon Political Appointees Asked to Serve Past Inaugural

By Gerry J. Gilmore
American Forces Press Service

Dec. 23, 2008 - Many Bush administration-appointed employees posted at the Pentagon have been asked by Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates if they'd remain in their jobs past the inauguration of President-elect Barack Obama, a senior Defense Department official said here today. "The secretary has arranged for the majority of those [appointees] to be afforded the opportunity to continue their service past Jan. 20, until a successor or a replacement is on board," Pentagon spokesman Bryan Whitman told reporters.

About 250 political appointees work at the Pentagon, Whitman said. A majority, but not all, he said, were asked to stay on past the inaugural.

"Those people have been notified [and] informed of this opportunity," he said.

Pentagon officials are determining how many employees affected by the offer are "willing to take advantage or consider committing to this opportunity that's been extended to them to stay on awhile for the transition," Whitman said.

Meanwhile, the incoming Obama administration is diligently working to fill anticipated vacancies at the Pentagon, Whitman said.

"A smooth transition at the Defense Department while we are engaged in two wars is very important," Whitman pointed out. He declined to get into specifics regarding positions or jobs involved as part of the service-extension offer.

Those people not affected by the extension offer were informed over the past several days, Whitman said.

MILITARY CONTRACTS December 23, 2008

Navy

Oshkosh Corporation, Oshkosh, Wis., is being awarded a $176,328,868 fixed price delivery order #0025 under a previously awarded indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contract (M67854-06-D-5028). This delivery order is exercise priced options for the purchase of 400 each Logistic Vehicle System Replacement (LVSR) production cargo vehicle, 17 each LVSR Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP) 5TH Wheel Vehicles, 11 each LVSR LRIP Wrecker Vehicles, 275 production weapons mount kits, 110 engine arctic kits, and 171 add-on armor kits. Work will be performed in Oshkosh, Wis., and work for this delivery order is expected to be completed by May 31, 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Marine Corps System Command, Quantico, Va., is the contracting activity.

Electric Boat Corporation, Groton, Conn. is being awarded a $75,654,118 cost plus fixed fee contract for engineering, technical services, concept studies, and design of a Common Missile Compartment (CMC) for the United Kingdom Successor SSBN and the Ohio Replacement SSBN. This contract includes options which, if exercised, would bring the cumulative value of this contract to $591,826,822. This contract involves Foreign Military Sales to the United Kingdom (100 percent). Work will be performed in Groton, Conn. (92 percent), Newport News, Va. (4 percent), Quonset, R.I. (3 percent), Newport, R.I. (1 percent), and is expected to be completed by December 2009 for the base contract and December 2013 if all options are exercised. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was not competitively procured. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity (N00024-09-C-2100).

Alliant Techsystems, Mission Systems Group, Advanced Weapons Div., Woodland Hills, Calif., is being awarded a fixed price incentive fee contract with a not-to-exceed value of $55,147,226 for the low rate initial production of AGM-88E Advanced Anti-Radiation Guided Missiles (AARGMs), to include conversion of U.S. Government-provided AGM-88B High-Speed Anti-Radiation Missiles (HARMs) into 27 AGM-88E AARGM All-Up-Round (AUR)/Captive Air Training (CATM) missile systems. In addition, this contract provides for related supplies and services required for manufacture, sparing, and fleet deployment. Work will be performed in Woodland Hills, Calif. (87.5 percent); Rocket Center, W.V. (11 percent); and Clearwater, Fla. (1.5 percent), and is expected to be completed in March 2011. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity (N00019-09-C-0026).

McDonnell Douglas Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of The Boeing Co., St. Louis, Mo., is being awarded an undefinitized contract action with a ceiling price of $50,300,000 for the procurement of time critical parts (TCP) for 22 Full Rate Production (FRP) Airborne Electronic Attack systems planned for insertion into 22 Lot 33 EA-18G airframes. Work will be performed in St. Louis, Mo., and is expected to be completed in May 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was not competitively procured. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity (N00019-09-C-0086).

Lockheed Martin Systems Integration-Owego, Owego, N.Y., is being awarded a $45,113,334 modification to a previously awarded firm fixed price multi-year contract (N00019-06-C-0098) to provide for end of life components and FY10 long lead material and associated efforts required for the production and delivery of MH-60S Lot XII and MH-60R Lot VIII Common Cockpit kits. Work will be performed in Owego, N.Y. and is expected to be completed in December 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md. is the contracting activity.

Sikorsky Support Services, Inc., Stratford, Conn., is being awarded a $38,477,022 firm fixed price contract for organizational, selected intermediate, and limited depot-level maintenance for 44 F-5 aircraft operated by the Adversary Squadrons based at Naval Air Station (NAS) Key West, Fla.; NAS, Fallon, Nev.; and Marine Corps Air Station, Yuma, Ariz. Work will be performed in Key West, Fla. (40 percent); Fallon, Nev. (30 percent); and Yuma, Ariz. (30 percent), and is expected to be completed in December 2009. This contract was competitively procured via an electronic request for proposals; two offer was received. Contract funds in the amount of $38,477,022 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md. is the contracting activity (N00019-09-C-0024).

EADS North America Test and Services, Irvine, Calif., is being awarded a $29,766,000 firm fixed price contract for 2 pilot production Shaft Engine Test Instrumentation (SETI) units, 19 production SETI units, test program sets (T700 and T64) and associated technical documentation which include site survey, installation control drawings, reports, etc. Work will be performed in Austin, Texas, and is expected to be completed in December 2013. Contract funds in the amount of $2,900,000 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was competitively procured via an electronic request for proposals; one offer was received. The Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Lakehurst, N.J., is the contracting activity (N68335-09-C-0110).

McDonnell Douglas Corp. a wholly owned subsidiary of The Boeing Co., St. Louis, Mo., is being awarded a $21,221,503 firm fixed price, cost plus fixed fee modification to a previously awarded delivery order contract (N00383-06-D-001J) for integrated logistics support (engineering and logistics at all levels) and equipment in support of the EA-18G aircraft. Work will be performed in Bethpage, N.Y. (60 percent) and St. Louis, Mo. (40 percent), and is expected to be completed in December 2010. Contract funds in the amount of $7,237,000 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md. is the contracting activity.

McDonnell Douglas Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of The Boeing Co., St. Louis, Mo., is being awarded a $19,944,479 cost plus fixed fee order against a previously issued basic ordering agreement (N00019-05-G-0026) for engineering efforts in support of F/A-18E/F and EA-18G aircraft. Work will be performed in Patuxent River, Md., and is expected to be completed in October 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity.

Critical Solutions International, Inc. Dallas, Texas, is being awarded an $18,000,000 firm fixed price, indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contract with a maximum ordering quantity of four Spare Parts Blocks and one Lot of individual spare parts for the Vehicle Mounted Mine Detector (VMMD) System. The initial delivery order is for four Spare Parts Blocks valued at $16,544,564. Work will be performed in Dallas, Texas, and is expected to be complete by Dec. 22, 2010. Contract funds will not expire by the end of the current fiscal year. This contract is a sole source award to Critical Solutions International, Inc. for production of Spares Parts Blocks and Individual Spare Parts in support of the VMMD systems currently in theatre. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, Va., is the contracting activity (M67854-09-D-5029).

Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems, San Diego, Calif., is being awarded a $14,909,781 fixed price contract for three FY09 Ship Self Defense System (SSDS) MK2 Open Architecture Computing Environment (OACE) kits to support CVN/Amphibious ship modernization efforts. The SSDS MK2 OACE kits include cabinets, processors, converters, network devices and interface units. The equipment sets consolidate the computing and interface requirements for the SSDS Ship Class variants. The FY09 kits will be installed on LPD 18, Self Defense Test Ship (SDTS) and CVN 69. Work will be performed in San Diego, Calif. (50 percent) and Portsmouth, R.I. (50 percent). Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was not competitively procured. The Naval Sea Systems Command is the Contracting Activity (N00024-09-C-5100).

Oceaneering International, Inc., Chesapeake, Va., is being awarded a $12,409,651 firm fixed price, cost plus fixed fee modification to previously awarded contract N00024-06-C-6269 to provide general and administrative, engineering, and technical support for field change development and installation for the dry deck shelter (DDS). This contract modification will augment and supplement internal capabilities and provide for fleet-funded maintenance of DDS assets and procure material to support the alteration, modernization, and fit-up of DDS Program assets. Work will be performed in Chesapeake, Va. and is expected to be complete by September 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity.

General Dynamics C4 Systems, Scottsdale, Ariz., is being awarded a $12,055,007 modification to previously awarded contract (M67854-02-C-2052) to incorporate Engineering Changes that will bring 318 Combat Operations Centers (COC) Systems to the current level of configuration for the COC Program. Work will be performed in Scottsdale, Ariz., and is expected to be completed by August 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, Va., is the contracting activity.

Sherlock, Smith and Adams, Inc., Montgomery, Ala., is being awarded a $9,795,558 modification to firm fixed task order #0003. The work to be performed provides for all design and engineering services for FY09 Defense TRICARE Management Activity Military Construction Project 55918, Hospital Replacement, Guam Naval Hospital, Guam, to develop design documents for construction of a hospital including inpatient medical/surgical, labor and delivery care, acute/intensive care units, outpatient primary and specialty care clinics, emergency medicine, support functions, and medical logistics. After award of this modification, the total cumulative task order value will be $15,020,301. Work will be performed in Guam, and is expected to be completed by January 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pacific, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, is the contracting activity (contract number N62742-01-D-0023).

This contract was awarded on December 22
Raydon Corporation*, Daytona Beach, Fla. is being awarded a $46,279,898 cost plus fixed fee, indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity, service type contract to provide system training through the development, modification, manufacturing, installation and site support, testing, training services, contractor maintenance and program management support for ground system trainers. Work will be performed at Daytona Beach, Fla. and is expected to be completed by December 2010. Contract funds in the amount of $36,813,736 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was competitively procured with two offers received via NECO (Navy Electronic Commerce Online). The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division, Indian Head, Md. is the contracting activity (N00174-09-D-0006)

This contract was awarded on December22
Wyle Laboratories, Inc., Huntsville, Ala., is being awarded a $29,787,397 modification to a previously awarded indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity multiple award contract to exercise an option for continued E-2/C-2 planning, program, and financial services in support of the U.S. Navy and the Governments of France, Taiwan, Egypt, Japan, Singapore, and Canada under the Foreign Military Sales Program. Work will be performed in Patuxent River, Md., and is expected to be completed in December 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity (N00421-03-D-0015).

This contract was awarded on December22
Bearing Point, Inc., Lexington Park, Md., is being awarded a $27,259,500 modification to a previously awarded indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity multiple award contract (N00421-03-D-0014) to exercise an option for continued E-2/C-2 planning, program, and financial services in support of the U.S. Navy and the Governments of France, Taiwan, Egypt, Japan, Singapore, and Canada under the Foreign Military Sales Program. Work will be performed in Patuxent River, Md., and is expected to be completed in December 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity (N00421-03-D-0014).

This contract was awarded on December22
BAE Systems (BAE), Minneapolis, Minn. is being awarded a $22,988,433 modification to exercise an option under previously awarded contract for Advanced Gun System (AGS) Class Common Services. Work will be performed in Cordova, Ala. (32%), Minneapolis, Minn. (25%), Louisville, Ky. (23%) and Burlington, Vt. (20%) and is expected to be completed by September 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington D.C., is the contracting activity (N00024-05-C-5117).

This contract was awarded on December22
Maritime Helicopter Support Company, 2510 Hunter Place, Suites 201 and 202, Woodbridge, Va. 22192-3932, is being awarded a firm fixed price, definite delivery definite quantity contract in the amount of $16,507,463 for repair, repair management and Commercial Asset Visibility reporting of H-60 aircraft weapons replaceable assemblies and system replaceable assemblies. This contract contains a base period with two option periods, which if exercised, bring the total value of the contract to $49,522,390. Work is to be completed by June 2009. Work will be performed at Stratford, Conn. (60 percent); and Owego, N.Y. (40 percent). Funding is provided by Navy Working Capital Funds (NWCF) BP85. Contract funds will not expire before the end of the current fiscal year. This announcement does not include a foreign Military sale. This contract was not awarded competitively. One company was solicited and one offer was received. The Naval Inventory Control Point is the contracting activity (N00383-09-C-011F).

This contract was awarded on December22
EG&G Technical Services, Inc. is being awarded a task order in the amount of $13,462,075 task order. The scope of this effort is to provide on-going acquisition, engineering, analytical, logistics, sustainment, and warranty support for PM Engineer Systems (PM/ES) in the areas of Mobility and Countermobility (MCM), Construction and Material Handling Equipment (CE/MHE), Engineer Support Equipment (ESE), and Lifecycle Support. PM/ES manages approximately 50 programs of record plus emerging requirements. It is a fast paced, high deliverable program office. On-site liaison personnel will continue to be required at Camp Lejeune, NC; Camp Pendleton, CA; Camp Butler, Okinawa, Japan; and the Marine Corps Logistics Base, Albany, GA (LOGCOM) to provide subject matter expertise (SME) and to support fielding, warranties, and the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT). Work will be performed in Marine Corps Command organizations Quantico, VA. Work is expected to be completed in January 2010. Contract funds will expire: 30 September 2009 and 30 September 2010. The Marine Corps System Command, Quantico, Virginia, is the contracting activity (M6785402A9011-0072).

This contract was awarded on December22
Immix Technology, Inc., 8444 West Park Drive, Suite 200, McLean, Va. 22102-5102, is being awarded a firm fixed price contract in the amount of $12,376,986 for Oracle Database Enterprise License Agreement renewal. This contract contains one base period, and one option period, which if exercised, brings the total estimated value of the contract to $37,404,924. Work is to be completed by September 2009. Work will be performed in McLean, Va. (100 percent). Funding is provided by Operation & Maintenance, Navy. Contract funds will not expire before the end of the current fiscal year. This announcement does not include a foreign Military sale. This contract was awarded competitively. Six companies were solicited and two offers were received. The Naval Inventory Control Point is the contracting activity (N00104-09-F-Q259).

This contract was awarded on December22
Lockheed Martin Corp., Manassas, Va., is being awarded an $8,409,711 modification to a previously awarded indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contract (N00019-05-D-0018) for the procurement of non-recurring engineering support for the Acoustic Processor Technical Refresh (APTR) in support of the P-3 Aircraft. Work will be performed in Manassas, Va. and is expected to be completed in December 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity.

This contract was awarded on December22
Sauer, Incorporated, Jacksonville, Fla. 32256, is being awarded firm fixed price Task Order 0008 at $8,339,514 under a multiple award construction contract for the design and construction of Electromagnetic Launch RDT&E Facility, Naval Support Activity, South Potomac, Dahlgren, Va. Work will be performed in Dahlgren, Va., and is expected to be completed by May 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. Five (5) proposals were received for this task order. The Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Washington, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity (contract number N62477-04-D-0036).

This contract was awarded on December22
Turner Construction Company, Arlington, Va. 22203-1764, is being awarded a firm fixed price contract at $7,294,531 for the design and construction of National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE) Utility Upgrade Project, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Md. Work will be performed in Bethesda, Md. and is expected to be completed by October 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract will be awarded as a sole-source procurement, in accordance with FAR 6.302-2, Unusual and Compelling Urgency. The Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Washington, OICC Bethesda, Bethesda, Md., is the contracting activity (contract number N40080-09-C-1502).

This contract was awarded on December22
Rockwell Collins Government Systems, Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa, is being awarded a $6,800,592 modification to a previously awarded firm fixed priced contract to exercise an option for the FY 2009 production of the AN/ARC-210(V) Electronic Protection Radio System for the U.S. Navy's MH-60R and MH-60S aircraft. This modification consists of 96 RT-1794 ARC-210 Receiver-Transmitter Radios; 48 C-12561A Radio Control Sets; 96 MT-6567 Mounting Bases; 48 MT-7006 Amplifier Mounts; 48 AM-7526 High Power Amplifiers; and 48 MX-11745 LNA Diplexer with Hi Power RF Switch. Work will be performed in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and is expected to be completed in December 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md. is the contracting activity (N00019-05-C-0050).

This contract was awarded on December22
Insight Technology, Inc., 9 Akir Away, Londonderry, NH 03053-2002, is being awarded a firm fixed price requirements contract in the amount of $3,459,205 for manufacture of infrared illuminators for the Special Warfare Program. Work is to be completed by December 2013. Work will be performed in Londonderry, NH (100 percent). Funding is provided by Navy Working Capital Funds (NWCF). Contract funds will not expire before the end of the current fiscal year. This announcement does not include a foreign Military sale. This contract was not awarded competitively. One company was solicited and one offer was received. The Naval Inventory Control Point is the contracting activity (N00104-09-D-L001).

Troops Escape Financial Trends, Enjoy Money Management Benefits

By Lisa Daniel
American Forces Press Service

Dec. 23, 2008 - Soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines are relatively insulated from the financial disasters affecting many Americans, and increasingly are taking advantage of programs designed to promote what military leaders call "financial readiness," military financial counselors say. All the services offer free financial counseling to servicemembers on installations, and troops and their spouses increasingly are using the services even while few are reporting mortgage foreclosures or spousal job losses that are increasing in the civilian sector.

The Navy provided financial counseling to 237,000 sailors and their spouses at 70 installations this year, increasing by 51 percent their outreach to sailors and their outreach to spouses by 100 percent, said Patricia Johnson, who oversees the Navy's personal financial management programs.

"It's not that they're having more problems," Johnson said. "But people are more concerned." Only 4 percent of 1,300 sailors surveyed in May said they felt "in over their heads" with personal finances, she said.

Johnson credits the Navy financial programs with helping sailors feel confident. "We feel that our robust program that we have in the Navy ... and what our financial educators and [counselors] do in the field help these numbers stay down."

Some Army installations also are seeing an increase in soldiers seeking financial help. Lynn Olavarria, manager of the financial readiness program at Fort Bragg, N.C., said her group sees about 400 soldiers and spouses per month.

"We're getting a few more every year," she said. "I think that's more awareness."

With a steady paycheck, good benefits and a lower rate of home ownership, troops enjoy some buffers to financial instability. "I think the services that are available to military people make it a very desirable place during a recession, more so than in the private sector," Johnson said.

Still, servicemembers began experiencing the same price increases earlier this year -- when gasoline spiked to more than $4 per gallon -- as everyone else.

"In the commissaries, there was an increase in prices just like in the private sector," said Mike Hire, director of the Navy-Marine Corps Relief Society on Camp Pendleton, Calif. "Things are cheaper overall [than on the economy], but they did get more expensive."

Hire said he expected to see fewer people when gas prices dipped this fall to less than half of the price in early summer, but they've sought help in about the same numbers.

"A lot of our military members have been using credit cards to get by, and now they're trying to get down some of that credit card debt, just like the general public," he said. "That's where we're seeing that extra gas money going."

The military and its support organizations have unveiled several programs in the past year and a half to promote personal financial stability with the understanding that financial hardships can pose a distraction to military missions. Some of the programs include:

-- "Financial Readiness Challenge" events at installations around the country sponsored by the Defense Department's military community and family policy office and scheduled through February;

-- Dave Ramsey's Financial Peace University, Military Edition, provided by chaplains at some Army installations;

-- The military Saves campaign to promote financial savings among servicemembers; and

-- Quick-assistance loans from the service relief societies, which provide grants and no-interest loans.

Service officials say they are being proactive in offering services to combat problems specific to servicemembers.

"The biggest thing we have with the economy is soldiers worried that their civilian landlords will go bust," Army spokesman Paul Boyce said. Staff judge advocate offices on installations are working with soldiers to create the best rental contracts based on state laws, Boyce said.

"That's been the No. 1 source of financial concern in Army," he said. "That's what we're hearing from staff judge advocate legal assistance community."

Another issue for servicemembers is being the target of financial scams -- a problem that has gotten so bad that Arizona state Attorney General Terry Goddard recently created an advisory board to stop it.

Predatory lending also has been a problem, but seems to be decreasing through educational outreach to servicemembers and passage of a federal law last year to curb it, officials said.

The Navy-Marine Corps Relief Society helped to disperse $1.1 million to sailors after they sought high-interest commercial loans last year, John Alexander, vice president and chief communications officer at the society's headquarters, said. That amount was down to $250,000 in the first three quarters of this year, he said.

Sailors and Marines were seeking the high-interest or "payday" loans because "it was just too easy," Alexander said. The society had been sitting down with each servicemember and asking questions and providing counseling, he explained, and the commercial lenders "didn't ask you anything."

As an alternative to payday loans, the society started its "quick-assistance" loans of up to $300 for which applicants do not have to see a financial counselor, Alexander said. The society's requests for assistance are up 39 percent over last year because of the popularity of the quick-assistance loans, he said.

Like servicemembers, the relief societies also report faring better than their civilian-sector counterparts. None report a significant decrease in donations, although investment values are down, causing some decrease in nonoperating fund expenditures. Army Emergency Relief will decrease its annual allocation for scholarships next year from $10 million to $8 million to reflect the loss on investments, retired Army Col. Dennis Spiegel, deputy director for administration for AER, said.

"Like everyone else, we won't be able to make up that shortfall in investments," Spiegel said.

Program Raises Awareness About Global AIDS Epidemic

By Navy Lt. Jennifer Cragg
Special to American Forces Press Service

Dec. 22, 2008 - The Defense Department's HIV/AIDS Prevention Program, or DHAPP, is making progress with partner nations by supporting implementation of HIV prevention, care and treatment programs, educating their militaries and creating awareness of the global epidemic, a senior official working in the program said. "As of June 2008, we are providing assistance in 73 different countries, ... and for many of these countries, prior to support from DHAPP, they had no formal HIV/AIDS programs," Dr. Anne Thomas, director of epidemiology and surveillance at DHAPP, said during a "Dot Mil Docs" radio interview on BlogTalkRadio.com, Dec. 18.

DHAPP is the executive agent for Defense Department HIV/AIDS programs.

From its headquarters in San Diego, DHAPP engages in international military cooperation of HIV/AIDS prevention, education, care and treatment and supports HIV/AIDS strategic information, human capacity development and program and policy development in host militaries and civilian communities.

Thomas noted that the United Nations estimated that there were 2.5 million new HIV infections in 2007. "Millions have died already," she said. "The rate of new infections is still outpacing our ability to treat people."

Thomas said 54 nongovernmental organizations and universities also are working in 32 of the 73 countries where DHAPP is offering assistance. Using military-to-military training in many of these countries provides key mentorship, she added, and is crucial to training foreign militaries about HIV prevention, care and treatment.

"We are using the mil-to-mil collaboration to really engage these militaries," she said. "Many of our partner militaries are in countries that have HIV epidemics that may be 15, 17 and 20 [percent] -- sometimes as high as 25 percent -- of the general population that are infected with HIV. If you are trying to keep a force healthy and fit and ready to respond to the needs of the country, this is a huge problem."

One of the countries where DHAPP provides assistance and HIV prevention training is South Africa, which has one of the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rates in the world, estimated in 2006 at 18.8 percent, with about 5.5 million people living with HIV/AIDS, more than 250,000 of them children, according to DHAPP statistics.

(Navy Lt. Jennifer Cragg works in the New Media directorate of the Defense Media Activity.)

Peackeeping Training Focuses Less on Combat, More on Control, Compliance

By Army Sgt. Robert G. Cooper III
Special to American Forces Press Service

Dec. 22, 2008 - Soldiers who deploy to Iraq and Afghanistan must be trained to engage in combat using the latest in lethal-weapons technology. But for soldiers preparing to deploy on a peacekeeping mission, nonlethal weapons instruction is an important part of their deployment training. Rather than full-metal-jacketed ammunition and other deadly weaponry, soldiers in nonlethal weapons training learn about pepper spray, rubber bullets, tear-gas grenades, stun guns and batons.

At Muscatatuck Urban Training Center here, a subinstallation of Camp Atterbury, soldiers of the 40th Infantry Division, which includes members of the California National Guard's engineer and military police assets, are preparing to deploy next month to Camp Bondsteel in Kosovo as part of NATO's Kosovo Force. Their mission: to maintain a secure environment for the people of Kosovo through law and order operations.

Since current conditions in Kosovo call for peacekeeping missions and focus less on combat, nonlethal weapons training is critical, Army Sgt. 1st Class Lorenzo Dominguez, a platoon sergeant with the division's "KFOR 11" team, said. While the possibility of direct combat still exists, he noted, most incidents in Kosovo involve riots or detained individuals who become uncooperative.

"First and foremost, we are ambassadors of goodwill," Dominguez said. "As such, we have to exert the minimum amount of force required. We want to show the people of Kosovo and Serbia that we are consummate professionals, since it's our job to ensure that peace prevails for their nations to grow."

Despite the fact that the weapons systems used in the training are significantly much less lethal than their combat counterparts, they are nonetheless extremely effective, Army Staff Sgt. Ismael Arroya, a nonlethal weapons instructor with the 205th Infantry Brigade at Camp Atterbury, said.

During one phase of the training, soldiers learn how to control subjects at close range. Normally, Army hand-to-hand close-range combat training, or combatives, focuses on techniques that can injure or even kill. In nonlethal training, techniques are used in situations where the subject does not pose an imminent threat.

"In combatives, you want to finish the fight," Arroya said. "Here, you want to gain compliance."

Although the soldiers deploying to Kosovo still receive lethal combat training required for any overseas deployment, the nonlethal weapons instruction impresses upon each individual the importance of maintaining peace, Dominguez said.

The Army cultivates the inner strength soldiers need in combat through a program called "Battlemind." Dominguez said soldiers on peacekeeping missions still need the mental alertness Battlemind entails, but they must keep their mission in mind.

"The Kosovo population is very supportive of our presence," he explained. "If we went in there with a Battlemind focus, we'd risk turning that support against us. You never lose your edge, but we don't need to go there and show it off."

Army Cpl. Steve Faecke, a KFOR 11 soldier, agreed. "If you go in aggressively, you're making the wrong impression," he said. "It's like walking on ice; you want to step slowly so as not to break through it."

So far, the training has been met with enthusiasm among the ranks. Army Spc. Christian Rossall, also of KFOR 11, is preparing for his second deployment to Kosovo and said he's been impressed by not only the level of training, but also by its relevance to the mission at hand.

"This is my first time doing this training, and the emphasis on nonlethal weapons is even more significant than before," Rossall said. "The training is important, since this is what's more likely to happen."

(Army Sgt. Robert G. Cooper III serves in the Camp Atterbury public affairs office.)

Chairman Issues Holiday Message to Servicemembers, Families

American Forces Press Service

Dec. 22, 2008 - The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff evoked the Revolutionary War's Battle of Trenton in the annual holiday message he issued to U.S. servicemembers and their families today.

Here is the text of Navy Adm. Mike Mullen's message:

"Throughout our history, when faced with war at this special time of the year, American Servicemen and women have risen with crisis and fought with valor – while providing their fellow citizens precious moments to enjoy the season's joyous spirit with loved ones at home.

"This tradition harkens to our first holiday season as an independent Nation, 232 years ago. The bleak winter of 1776 found this Republic and its leader, General Washington, with a difficult and uncertain future. At twilight on the twenty-fifth of December, faced with one of the darkest moments of the American Revolution, Washington's Army crossed the icy Delaware River to defeat enemy forces at the Battle of Trenton. Their bravery on that cold winter's night altered the course of the war, and, ultimately, our road to victory.

"Among Washington's troops that December was Thomas Paine, who appealed to the honor and patriotic duty of his fellow soldiers with these famous words: 'These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman.'

"This holiday season, more than 280,000 modern-day patriots are deployed around the globe, ensuring their families and friends – and ours – can celebrate in peace and comfort. Let us take pause to honor their sacrifice.

"We also offer our thoughts and prayers to the wounded, their families, and the families of the fallen. Theirs is an emptiness we cannot know – made only deeper during the holidays. Although their sacred void can never be filled, let us look deep into our hearts and honor them all – for they richly deserve the love and thanks of a grateful Nation.

"On behalf of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and our families, I thank you for all that you do for our country. We wish you and your loved ones a festive holiday season, and tidings of peace in the coming New Year."

First Minerva Research Initiative Awards Announced

The Department of Defense announced plans today to make awards to academic institutions to perform scholarly research in the social sciences under the department's Minerva Research Initiative.

The list of institutions and research topics selected for fiscal 2009 funding is attached.

The Initiative is a DoD-sponsored, university-based social science basic research program initiated by the secretary of defense. It focuses on areas of strategic importance to U.S. national security policy and seeks to increase the department's intellectual capital in the social sciences, improve its ability to address future challenges, and build bridges between the department and the social science community.

The total amount of the awards is expected to be as much $50 million over five years. Awards are subject to the successful completion of negotiations between the academic institutions and DoD research offices that will make the awards: the Army Research Office (ARO), the Office of Naval Research (ONR), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). Based on the proposals selected in the fiscal 2009 competition, more than 16 academic institutions, including three non-U.S. institutions, are expected to participate in the seven research efforts.

According to Thomas Mahnken, deputy assistant secretary of defense for policy planning, "we were extremely impressed with the breadth and quality of the Minerva proposals. These grants lay the groundwork for exciting new research and relationships that will bring the best work of academics to bear on our country's most pressing national security challenges."

Researchers were encouraged to assemble teams with appropriate disciplinary strengths to develop scholarship in the areas identified in the program announcement. The awards announced today are for an initial five-year base period with a five-year option contingent upon availability of appropriations and satisfactory research progress. These awards are intended to be larger and longer in duration than traditional awards to help build an enduring capacity to conduct DoD-related basic research in the social sciences.

The initial Minerva solicitation was extremely competitive. The department solicited proposals in five topics of strategic importance and received a total of 211 white papers. The awards announced today were selected for funding based on merit review by panels of subject matter experts in the pertinent fields.

The secretary of defense speech to the Association of American Universities where Minerva was launched may be found at:
http://www.defenselink.mil/speeches/speech.aspx?speechid=1228%20.

MILITARY CONTRACTS December 22, 2008

Navy

Electric Boat Corporation, Groton, Conn., is being awarded a $14,011,153,663 fixed-price incentive multiyear contract for construction of eight VIRGINIA Class submarines from FY 09 to FY 13. Work will be performed at various sites throughout the United States (45%). Newport News, Va. (25%), Quonset Point, R.I. (15%); and Groton, Conn. (15%), and expected to be complete by February 2020. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was not competitively procured. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity (N00024-09-C-2104).

The U.S. Navy is awarding indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity multiple award contracts to contractors that will provide for their competition for service requirements solicited by Naval Sea Systems Command, Naval Air Systems Command, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, Naval Supply Systems Command, Military Sealift Command, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Strategic Systems Programs, Office of Naval Research, Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the United States Marine Corps. The twenty-two functional service areas within the scope of the contracts include 1. Research and Development Support, 2. Engineering System Engineering and Process Engineering Support, 3. Modeling, Simulation, Stimulation, and Analysis Support, 4. Prototyping, Pre-Production, Model-Making, and Fabrication Support, 5. System Design Documentation and Technical Data Support, 6. Software Engineering, Development, Programming, and Network Support, 7. Reliability, Maintainability, and Availability (RM&A) Support, 8. Human Factors, Performance, and Usability Engineering Support, 9. System Safety Engineering Support, 10. Configuration Management (CM) Support, 11. Quality Assurance (QA) Support, 12. Information System (IS) Development, Information Assurance (IA), and Information Technology (IT) Support, 13. Inactivation and Disposal Support, 14. Interoperability, Test and Evaluation, Trials Support, 15. Measurement Facilities, Range, and Instrumentation Support, 16. Logistics Support, 17. Supply and Provisioning Support, 18. Training Support, 19. In-Service Engineering, Fleet Introduction, Installation and Checkout Support, 20. Program Support, 21. Functional and Administrative Support, and 22. Public Affairs and Multimedia Support. These contracts are in addition to the existing 1,605 contracts previously awarded under the SeaPort Enhanced (SeaPort-e) acquisition program for services procurements. The Government estimates a maximum of $5,300,000,000 of services will be procured per year via orders issued under the SeaPort-e multiple award contracts. The awards have a three month base period with one five-year option and one four-year nine month award term option. These contracts were competitively procured via the Navy Electronic Commerce Online (NECO), with 209 offers received and 199 contracts awarded. Contract funds will be obligated at the time of task order award and as such, multiple funding types (with varying expiration dates) may be used, consistent with the purpose for which the funds were appropriated. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division, Dahlgren, Va. is the contracting activity (N00178-09-D-5652 - N00178-09-D-5851).

The list of contractors involved are: 1 On 1 Services Group LLC*, Phoenix, Ariz.; 360 Software Corporation.,*, Orlando, Fla.; 6K Systems, Inc.*, Sterling, Va.; A Solution Inc.*, McLean, Va.; Acclaim Systems*, Feasterville Trevose, Pa.; ACD Telecom, LLC*, Sanford, Fla.; Ace Info Solutions, Inc.*, Reston, Va.; Advanced Integrated Software Technology*, Chicago, Ill.; Advanced Systems Design*, Tallahassee, Fla.; Agile Tek Solutions, LLC*, Plano, Texas; AIM USA, LLC*, San Antonio, Texas; Akira Technologies, Inc*, Fairfax, Va.; All Technologies, Inc.*, Arlington, Va.; AllSource Global Management, LLC*, Sierra Vista, Ariz.; Altec Strategy, LLC*, Warrenton, Va.; American Research Service, Inc.*, Dallas, Texas; American Service Network Corporation.,*, Lorton, Va.; APPLIED SERVICES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS LLC*, Virginia Beach, Va.; Ascella Technologies Inc.*, Vienna, Va.; Autonomic Resources LLC*, Cary, N.C.; Axiom Corporation.,*, Atlanta, Ga.; Axiscore LLC*, Gaithersburg, Md.; Axseum Solutions LLC*, Arlington, Va.; B L Hawkins & Associates dba HT Innovations*, Upper Marlboro, Md.; B3 Solutions, LLC*, Jacksonville, Fla.; Bara Infoware Inc.*, San Ramon, Calif.; Beacon Systems, Inc*, Pompano Beach, Fla.; BLF Technologies, Inc.*, Alexandria, Va.; Cask Technologies, LLC*, La Jolla, Calif.; Castillo Technologies, LLC*, Chandler, Ariz.; CFM Engineering*, Glen Burnie, Md.; Chae & Nam Universe dba C & N Universe Inc.*, National City, Calif.; CJSeto Support Services, LLC*, Ventura, Calif.; CMW & Associates, Inc.*, Springfield, Ill.; Columbus Technologies and Services, Inc.*, Pasadena, Calif.; Comptech Computer Technologies Inc.*, Dayton, Ohio; Computech Resources International, Inc.*, Shrewsbury, N.J.; COMPUTER CITE*, SAN RAMON, Calif.; Computer Integration & Programming Solutions Corp.*, Bethesda, Md.; Computer Mainstream Corp.*, Atlanta, Ga.; Computers Universal Inc*, WESTERVILLE, Ohio; Concentric Methods, LLC*, Alexandria, Va.; Construction CAD Solutions Inc*, Willowbrook, Ill.; Consulting Engineering Next Generation dba Cengen Inc.*, Columbia, Md.; Data Management Group of VA*, Hampton, Va.; Data Tech Central, LLC*, Norfolk, Va.; Davis Paige Management Systems, LLC*, Springfield, Va.; Dawson Technical, LLC*, Honolulu, Hawaii; DB Consulting Group, Inc.*, Silver Spring, Md.; Decypher Technologies*, San Antonio, Texas; Delan Associates, Inc.*, Freeport, N.Y.; dFuzion, Inc.*, Ashburn, Va.; Diamond Information Systems, LLC*, Sterling, Va.; Digital Management Inc.*, Bethesda, Md.; Diverse Business Systems, Inc.*, Dayton, Ohio; DreamHammer*, Santa Monica, Calif.; DRT Strategies*, Arlington, Va.; EBITS LLC*, Tinton Falls, N.J.; Educational and Business Services, LLC*, Littleton, Colo.; Emagine IT INC*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; Enterprise Solutions Incorporated dba ESI*, Vienna, Va.; Entertainment Marketing Group dba Integrated Marketing Group, Inc. The*, Miami, Fla.; Environmental & Occupational Safety Services, Inc.*, Red Bank, N.J.; Envision Innovative Solutions*, Howell, N.J.; EPCS Co *, Yorktown, Va.; EPM Solutions, LLC*, Cupertino,, Calif.; ERIMAX, Inc.*, Dunkirk, Md.; Estime Enterprises, Inc.*, Lanham, Md.; EVOLVE, INC.*, ORLANDO, Fla.; Expertech Solutions*, Rockville, Md.; Facility Management & Engineering, inc.*, Evansville, Ind.; Faircloth Information Technology Systems dba FIT Systems Inc*, Tampa, Fla.; Federated Information Technologies*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; FEI.com, Inc.*, Columbia, Md.; Financial Business Solutions LLC*, Doylestown, Pa.; First Information Technology Services, Inc.*, Arlington, Va.; Form Fit and Function LLC*, Paterson, N.J.; Fortis Networks*, Phoenix, Ariz.; FutureNet Group, Inc.*, Detroit, Mich.; Glacier Technologies, LLC.*, El Paso, Texas; Global Consulting Inc.*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; Global Consulting International Inc*, Salt Lake City, Utah; Global Technology Solutions, LLC*, Richmond, Va.; Government Systems, Inc,*, Alexandria, Va.; H2 Performance Consulting Corp.*, Pensacola, Fla.; Halfaker and Associates, LLC*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; Harbor Offshore Inc.*, Ventura, Calif.; Hawaii 5-0 Technology Services, Inc*, Honolulu, Hawaii; HBC Management Services, Inc.*, Honolulu, Hawaii; HBMG, Inc.*, Austin, Texas; Healthy Resources Enterprise Inc*, Houston, Texas; HENDALL INC*, Columbia, Md.; Hixardt Technologies, Inc*, Pensacola, Fla.; HMS Enterprises, Inc*, Alexandria, Va.; Huckstep Holdings dba Techwise*, Colorado Springs, Colo.; ICATT Consulting, Inc.*, Jacksonville, Fla.; ICOR Partners, LLC*, Arlington, Va..; ILSC Holdings LC*, Payson, Ariz.; IM Solutions, LLC*, Woodbridge, Va..; InGenesis, Inc.*, San Antonio, Texas; Innovar Environmental Inc.*, LIttleton, Colo.; Insystech, Inc.*, Manassas, Va.; INTELLIGENT INFORMATION Technology SOLUTIONS, LLC*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; International Computer Systems, Inc.*, Greenbelt, Md.; IP Network Solutions, Inc*, Herndon, Va.; IPKeys Technologies, LLC*, Shrewsbury, N.J.; iT Resource Solutions.net, Inc*, East Setauket, N.Y.; Jackson Automated Management Systems dba JAMS*, FORT WALTON BEACH, Fla.; JRD & Associates, Inc.*, South Miami, Fla.; Komplete Systems Integrators Inc.*, Atlanta, Ga.; KPG GLOBAL ENTERPRISES*, FISHERS, Ind.; Lani Eko & Co., CPAs, PLLC*, Alexandria, Va.; Lanmark Technology, Inc.*, Fairfax, Va.; Link Solutions, Inc.*, Reston, Va.; LNS TECHNOLOGY, INC*, LORTON, Va.; Logistics Systems Inc.*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; LOGMET*, Austin, Texas; Longevity Consulting*, Manassas, Va.; LOUi Consulting Group Inc.*, Warner Robins, Ga.; MacArthur & Baker Internat'l Inc. dba MBI Consulting*, Bethesda, Md.; Macon Pace, Inc.*, Trenton, N.J.; Management Recruiters of Woodbridge, Inc.*, Woodbridge, N.J.; Marton Technologies, Inc.*, Hampton, Va.; Morgan Business Consulting, LLC*, Ashburn, Va.; MORI Associates, Inc.*, Bethesda, Md.; Nasir Group, LLC, The*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; National Capitol Contracting, LLC.*, Arlington, Va.; Net Services*, Centreville, Va.; Net World Technology Corporation.,*, Carlisle, Pa.; Network Security Systems Plus, Inc.*, Falls Church, Va.; New Age Protection, Inc.*, Springfield, Va.; New Tech Solutions Inc*, Fremont, Calif.; New West Technologies, LLC*, Greenwood Village, Colo.; Next Tier Concepts, Inc.*, Vienna, Va.; NIKSOFT SYSTEMS CORPORATION.,*, RESTON, Va.; NOVA Training and Technology Solutions, LLC*, Boothwyn, Pa.; OHC Environmental Engineering, Inc.*, Tampa, Fla.; Orizon, Inc.*, Rockville, Md.; Paragon Technology Group*, Vienna, Va.; PARS Environmental Inc.*, Robbinsville, N.J.; Parts Life Inc.*, Cinnaminson, N.J.; Patricio Enterprises*, Stafford, Va.; PearlNet, LLC*, Atlanta, Ga.; Prince of Wales Tribal Enterprise Consortium LLC POWTEC*, Craig, Ark; Progressive Computer Services, Inc.*, Honoluu, Hawaii; Protein Media, Inc.*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; PROVISTA Software International, Inc*, Fremont, Calif.; Prutech Solutions, Inc.*, Iselin, N.J.; Puget Sound Environmental Corp.*, Bremerton, Wash.; Quality Software Services, Inc. (QSSI)*, Gaithersburg, Md.; Ram Tech Systems, Inc.*, Newark, Del.; Reed Integration, Inc.*, Smithfield, Va.; ReliaTrust Technologies, Inc.*, Dulles, Va.; Resource-Trac, Inc*, Irvine, Calif.; reVision, Inc.*, Denver, Colo.; RGF Consulting Corporation.,*, Ft. Washington, Md.; Ridgewood Technology Partners, LLC*, Ashburn, Va.; RMV Technology Group, LLC*, Clayton, Calif.; S & K Aerospace, Inc.*, St Ignatius, Mont.; Sawdey Solution Services, Inc.*, Dayton, Ohio; Sevatec, Inc.*, Falls Church, Va.; SilTek, Inc.*, Herndon, Va.; SimIS Inc.*, Portsmouth, Va.; Singhal & Co.,, Inc.*, Herndon, Va.; Skylla Engineering Ltd.*, Humble, Texas; Smart Data Solutions LLC*, Silver Spring, Md.; Smart Innovative Solutions LLC*, Columbia, Md.; Software Engineering Services Corporation.,*, Bellevue, Neb.; Solution One Industries, Ltd.*, Killeen, Texas; Strategic Operational Solutions, Inc.*, Reston, Va.; Summit Technologies LLC*, South Riding, Va.; Synergistics Inc*, Richland, Wash.; Systems Consulting Group, LLC*, Herndon, Va.; Tantus Technologies, Inc.*, Arlington, Va.; TechFirst Inc*, Laurel, Md.; Technica LLC*, North Charleston, S.C.; TecPort Solutions Inc*, Harrisburg, Pa.; TEKNOFIRM, INC.*, FAIRFAX, Va.; TELEDEVICES, LLC*, LAWRENCEVILLE, Ga.; Terra Nova Environmental Services, LLC*, Cranbury, N.J.; tieBridge, Inc.*, Falls Church, Va.; TISTA Science and Technology Corporation.,*, Bethesda, Md.; Total Solutions, Inc.*, Madison, Ala.; Tracen Technologies, Inc.*, Manassas, Va.; Tribalco, LLC*, Bethesda, Md.; Trilobyte Sales*, Irvine, Calif.; Twin Imaging Technology, Inc.*, Oceanside, Calif.; Ultimate Solutions, Inc.*, New Orleans, La.; Vektrel LLC*, San Diego, Calif.; Veracity Engineering LLC*, Washington, Washington, D.C.; ViewTrust Technology, Inc.*, Springfield, Va.; Virtual Technology Services, LLC*, Midwest City, Okla.; VMD Systems Integrators, Inc.*, Vienna, Va.; Ward Consulting,LLC/Full Circle Consulting Group*, Stamford, Conn.; Watley Engineering LLC*, Panama City, Fla.; Worldwide Information Network Systems (WINS)*, Seabrook, Md.; Zavda Technologies, LLC*, Glenn Dale, Md.; ZIBIZ CORPORATION.,*, Ronkonkoma, N.Y.

McDonnell Douglas Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Boeing Co., St Louis, Mo., is being awarded an cost plus incentive fee, cost plus fixed fee contract with an estimated value of $905,344,762 for support services required to enhance the F/A-18A/B, C/D, E/F, and EA-18G aircraft with a series of System Configuration Sets (SCS). These enhancements will support F/A-18 aircraft operated by the U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps, and the Governments of Canada, Australia, Spain, Kuwait, Switzerland, Finland and Malaysia. Work will be performed in St. Louis, Mo. (95%) and at the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, China Lake, Calif. (5%), and is expected to be completed in December 2013. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, China Lake, Calif., is the contracting activity (N68936-09-D-0002).

General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Bloomington, Minn., is being awarded a $45,429,181 modification to a previously awarded firm fixed price contract for the full rate production of 195 Type 3 Advanced Mission Computers (AMCs) for integration into the F/A-18E/F and E/A-18G aircraft for the U.S. Navy (166) and the Government of Australia (29). This contract combines purchases for the U.S. Navy ($38,526,410; 85%) and Australia ($6,902,771; 15%) under the Foreign Military Sales Program. Work will be performed in Bloomington, Minn. and is expected to be completed in December 2010. Contract funds in the amount of $1,216,355 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity (N00019-07-C-0030).

Lockheed Martin Maritime Systems and Sensors (LM MS2), Moorestown, N.J., is being awarded a $43,665,000 modification to previously awarded contract for engineering services for DDG 51 Class Aegis Combat System Installation, Integration and Test, in support of the Program Executive Officer Integrated Warfare Systems. Work will be performed in Moorestown, N.J. (37%), Bath, Maine (25%), Pascagoula, Miss. (22%), San Diego, Calif. (6%), Washington, D.C. (5%), Norfolk, Va. (3%), Port Hueneme, Calif. (1%), Syracuse, N.Y. (1%) and is expected to be completed by April 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington Navy Yard, D.C., is the contracting activity (N00024-03-C-5115).

Raytheon Technical Services Co. LLC, Indianapolis, Ind., is being awarded a $38,662,175 cost-plus-fixed-fee delivery order against a previously issued basic order agreement for software in support of V-22 programs including lab capabilities, lab sustainment, situational awareness, simulation products/desk top environment, V-22 Mission Planning Systems (VMPS), and software support activity/software engineering for the V-22 Osprey Program. Work will be performed in Indianapolis, Ind., and is expected to be completed in December 2009. Contract funds in the amount of $8,938,700 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity(N00019-05-G-0008).
FN Herstal, S.A., Herstal, Belgium, is being awarded a five year indefinite-delivery-indefinite-quantity contract with possible delivery orders up to $27,900,000 for the production, delivery, and associated support of the Marine Corps' Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR). The IAR will be a light weight, magazine fed, 5.56 mm weapon which will enhance the automatic rifleman's maneuverability and displacement speed while providing the ability to suppress or destroy not only area targets, but point targets as well. The IAR is planned to replace the M249 Squad Automatic Weapons (SAW) currently employed by automatic riflemen within Infantry and Light Armored Reconnaissance (LAR) Battalions. Although four contracts will be made initially, delivery orders will be awarded for samples. First Article, spare/repair parts, and various support services; and, eventually one of the four contractors may be awarded delivery orders for up to 6,500 IARs. FN Herstal's production facility is in Herstal, Belgium. Delivery of contract line items will be as stated on applicable delivery orders. Contractfunds will be obligated in multiple delivery orders. This contract was competitively procured. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, VA, is the contracting activity (M67854-09-D-1037).

Raytheon Technical Services Co. LLC, Indianapolis, Ind., is being awarded a $26,211,950 firm-fixed-price modification to a previously issued basic order agreement to exercise an option for 65 LAU-115D/A Launchers for the U.S. Navy (38) and the Royal Australian Air Force (27) and 140 LAU-116B/A Launchers for the U.S. Navy (126) and the Royal Australian Air Force (14) for the F/A-18 and EA-18G aircraft. This contract combines purchases for the U.S. Navy ($20,355,240; 80.3%) and the Government of Australia ($5,172,320; 19.7%) under the Foreign Military Sales Program. Work will be performed in Indianapolis, Ind., and is expected to be completed in April 2011. Contract funds in the amount of $5,172,320 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity(N00019-05-G-0008).

Raytheon Network Centric Systems, St. Petersburg, Fla, is being awarded a $25,800,618 modification to previously awarded contract for Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) System Production. Work will be performed in Largo, Fla. (47.0%); St. Petersburg, Fla. (20.0%); Dallas, Texas (18.0%); and McKinney, Texas (15.0%); and is expected to be completed by April 2011. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C. is the contracting activity (N00024-08-C-5203).

Heckler and Koch Defense, Inc., Ashburn, VA, is being awarded a five year indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contract with possible delivery orders up to $23,600,000 for the production, delivery, and associated support of the Marine Corps' Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR). The IAR will be a light weight, magazine fed, 5.56 mm weapon which will enhance the automatic rifleman's maneuverability and displacement speed while providing the ability to suppress or destroy not only area targets, but point targets as well. The IAR is planned to replace the M249 Squad Automatic Weapons (SAW) currently employed by automatic riflemen within Infantry and Light Armored Reconnaissance (LAR) Battalions. Although four contracts will be made initially, delivery orders will be awarded for samples. First Article, spare/repair parts, and various support services; and, eventually one of the four contractors may be awarded delivery orders for up to 6,500 IARs. Work will be performed in Oberndorf, Germany. Delivery of contract line items will be as stated on applicable delivery orders. Contractfunds will be obligated in multiple delivery orders. This contract was competitively procured. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, VA, is the contracting activity (M67854-09-D-1038).

Raytheon Missile Systems Co., Tucson, Ariz., is being awarded a $17,923,410 modification to a previously awarded firm fixed price contract for the special tooling and special test equipment required to maintain Joint Stand-Off Weapons (JSOW-C) production rate requirements and to support the transition to production readiness activities for the AGM-154C-1 Variant. Work will be performed in Tucson, Ariz., and is expected to be completed in March 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command is the contracting activity (N00019-07-C-0093).

Colt Defense, Inc., West Hartford, CT, is being awarded a five year indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contract with possible delivery orders up to $14,000,000 for the production, delivery, and associated support of the Marine Corps' Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR). The IAR will be a light weight, magazine fed, 5.56 mm weapon which will enhance the automatic rifleman's maneuverability and displacement speed while providing the ability to suppress or destroy not only area targets, but point targets as well. The IAR is planned to replace the M249 Squad Automatic Weapons (SAW) currently employed by automatic riflemen within Infantry and Light Armored Reconnaissance (LAR) Battalions. Although four contracts will be made initially, delivery orders will be awarded for samples, First Article, spare/repair parts, and various support services; and, eventually one of the four contractors may be awarded delivery orders for up to 6,500 IARs. Colt's production facility is in West Hartford, CT. Work will be performed in West Hartford, CT. Delivery of contract line items will be as stated on applicable delivery orders. Contractfunds will be obligated in multiple delivery orders. This contract was competitively procured. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, VA, is the contracting activity (RFP M67854-08-R-1000, proposal 6940, contract number M67854-09-D-1035).

Colt Defense, Inc., West Hartford, CT, is being awarded a five year indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contract with possible delivery orders up to $14,000,000 for the production, delivery, and associated support of the Marine Corps' Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR). The IAR will be a light weight, magazine fed, 5.56 mm weapon which will enhance the automatic rifleman's maneuverability and displacement speed while providing the ability to suppress or destroy not only area targets, but point targets as well. The IAR is planned to replace the M249 Squad Automatic Weapons (SAW) currently employed by automatic riflemen within Infantry and Light Armored Reconnaissance (LAR) Battalions. Although four contracts will be made initially, delivery orders will be awarded for samples, First Article, spare/repair parts, and various support services; and, eventually one of the four contractors may be awarded delivery orders for up to 6,500 IARs. Colt's production facility is in West Hartford, CT. Work will be performed in West Hartford, CT. Delivery of contract line items will be as stated on applicable delivery orders. Contractfunds will be obligated in multiple delivery orders. This contract was competitively procured. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, VA, is the contracting activity (RFP M67854-08-R-1000, proposal 6940H, contract number M67854-09-D-1036).

Northrop Grumman Ship Systems, Inc., Pascagoula, Miss., is being awarded a $9,950,000 firm fixed price contract modification to previously awarded contract for the procurement of long lead time materials in support of LPD 26. Work will be performed in Pascagoula, Miss., and is expected to be completed by December 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity (N00024-06-C-2222).

L-3 Communications Corporation, Sylmar, Calif. 91342, is being awarded a $7,668,896 firm fixed price, cost plus fixed fee modification to contract to purchase supportability services, evaluation, salvage, repair and upgrade services of TB23/BQ Towed Systems. Work will be performed in Sylmar, Calif. and is expected to be complete by January 2010. Contract funds in the amount of $114,000 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity (N00024-05-C-6237)

Northrop Grumman Corporation., Electronic Systems, Linthicum Heights, MD, is being awarded $6,384,275 modification to a previously awarded contract to incorporate the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Logistics effort in support of the Ground/Air Task-Oriented Radar (G/ATOR) system. The contractor shall develop and implement a plan to effectively apply HSI principles during G/ATOR design, production and integration. The contractor shall ensure Human Factors Engineering, Manpower, Personnel, Training, System Safety, Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH), and Personnel Survivability requirements are incorporated into the layout, design, and arrangement of equipment having an operator or maintainer interface. Approximately 69% of the work will be performed by Northrop Grumman Corporation., in Linthicum Heights, MD and approximately 31% will be performed by Northrop Grumman's subcontract, Sensis in Syracuse, NY. The HSI Logistics effort is expected to be completed by June 2012. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The contract modification was not competitively procured as the effort is an engineering change within scope of the current contract pursuant to the Changes clause. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, Virginia, is the contracting activity (M67854-07-C-2072).

Army

BAE Systems, Inc., Ground Systems Division, York, Pa., was awarded a $112,500,000 cost reimbursement, no fee contract for long-lead items for the Bradley reset program. Work will be performed in York, Pa., and is expected to be completed by Jan. 31, 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. One bid was solicited on Aug. 14, 2007. U.S. Army Tank-Automotive Command, Warren, Mich. is the contracting activity (W56HZV-05-G-0005).

Raytheon Co., Marlborough, Mass., was awarded on Dec. 18, 2008, a $44,861,164 firm fixed price, cost plus fixed fee, cost reimbursable contract for ATNAVICS hardware, FBPAR hardware, sustainment support, travel, material and site installation. Work will be performed in Marlborough, Mass., and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2011. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. One bid was solicited on June 30, 2006. U.S. Army contracting Command, Huntsville, Ala., is the contracting activity (W31P4Q-06-C-0323).

IAP Worldwide Services, Inc., Irmo, S.C., was awarded on Dec. 18, 2008, a $14,169,175 firm fixed price contract for prime power services for Joint Base Balad. Work will be performed in Balad, Iraq, and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2009. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. Web bids were solicited on Sept. 3, 2008, and two bids were received. U.S. Army Engineer District, Philadelphia, Pa., is the contracting activity (W912BU-09-C-0008).

BAE Systems Inc., Ground Systems Division, York, Pa., was awarded on Dec. 18, 2008, a $13,916,000 firm fixed price contract for the production of eight M88A2 HERCULES vehicles. Work will be performed in York, Pa., and is expected to be completed by Dec. 30, 2010. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. One bid was solicited on Oct. 13, 2008. U.S. Army TACOM, Warren, Mich., is the contracting activity (DAAE07-01-C-N030).

General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc., Sterling Heights, Mich., was awarded on Dec. 18, 2008, a $5,551,652 cost plus fixed fee contract for system technical support for the Abrams tank program to include service rep and support for operations. Work will be performed in Sterling Heights, Mich., and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2011. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. One bid was solicited on June 8, 2006. U.S. Army TACOM, Warren, Mich., is the contracting activity (W56HZV-07-C-0046).

DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY

Delphi Petroleum, Inc., Red Bank, N.J.* is being awarded a maximum $8,114,481 fixed price with economic price adjustment contract for fuel oil burner delivery. Other location of performance is Virginia. Using services are Air Force, Marine Corps and Federal Civilian Agencies. There were originally 60 proposals solicited with 23 responses. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The date of performance completion is July 31, 2010. The contracting activity is the Defense Energy Support Center (DESC), Fort Belvoir, Va. (SP0600-05-D-4045).

Air Force

The Air Force awarded a contract to Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems, Newtown, Pennsylvania for $13,870,241. This modification provides for launch support for satellites that remained to be launched under contract.

The Air Force awarded a contract with Boeing Co., of Newark, Ohio for $11,190,842. The contractor is required to develop processes and procedures to upgrade four Gyro Test Stations.

The Air Force modified a contract with Integral Systems of Lanham, Maryland for $11,707,433. This modification supports the command and control system consolidation program. It includes program management, hardware and software maintenance updates at Schriever AFB, Colo.

The Air Force awarded a contract with Northrop Grumman Guidance and Electronic Co., of Woodland Hills, California for $12,674,620. This action will provide automated aerial refueling modification for precise relative navigation