Army Lt. Col. Robert G. Cole was a 101st Airborne Division
paratrooper who fought in the European Theater during World War II,
where his valorous actions near Carentan, France, earned him the Medal
of Honor.
Cole was born to Army Col. Clarence Leroy and Clara Hoff Cole, March
19, 1915, in Fort Sam Houston, Texas. His father served as an Army
doctor and his mother was a teacher at the Mark Twain School in San
Antonio. He had two siblings, Leroy and Mary.
In 1933, Cole graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in San
Antonio and joined the Army, July 1, 1934. Nearly one year later, June
26, 1935, he was honorably discharged to accept an appointment to the
U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, where he played on the
football team.
He married his childhood sweetheart Allie Mae Beall in 1940, and they had a son, Robert Bruce.
After graduating from West Point in 1939, he was assigned to the 15th
Infantry Regiment at Fort Lewis, Washington. While serving there, he
befriended Lt. Col. Dwight D. Eisenhower, who commanded the 1st
Battalion, 15th Infantry Regiment, and later became the regimental
executive officer.
After volunteering and being accepted for airborne duty in 1941, Cole
was assigned to the 501st Parachute Infantry Battalion at Fort Benning,
Georgia, and trained to become a paratrooper. He earned his jump wings
in March of that year.
The Army changed its command structure in the early 1940s to meet the
demands of World War II, and the parachute battalions were divided into
regiments. In 1942, Cole was transferred to the 3rd Battalion, 502nd
Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, and was
subsequently appointed commander.
In 1943, the division sailed to England to prepare for Operation
Overlord, the D-Day invasion of Normandy, France. While there, he met
his friend, Eisenhower, who was now a general and the Allied supreme
commander.
A few days after D-Day, at the onset of the Battle of Carentan, June
10, 1944, Cole led his 400-man battalion in a single file line through
an exposed raised road with marshes on both sides that led to the last
four bridges over the Douve River floodplain and Carentan, France. The
101st Airborne Division had been ordered to seize Carentan and link up
with the 29th Infantry Division.
German troops were dug in by hedgerows behind a large farmhouse. As
the battalion advanced to the river, they were subjected to continuous
fire from machine guns, artillery and mortars, sustaining many
casualties. They came upon a mobile anti-tank obstacle, known as a
Belgian gate, that only allowed one man to pass through at a time. After
enduring a night of shelling and bombing, Cole's remaining 265-man
battalion moved through the obstacle and prepared for an assault, June
11, 1944. The German troops at the farmhouse continued to resist, so
Cole ordered a bayonet charge that he led. The battalion engaged in
hand-to-hand combat with the enemy, forcing the Germans to retreat but
not without suffering 130 additional casualties. The assault became
known as the "Cole Charge" and led to the establishment of a bridgehead
across the Douve River and the capture of Carentan.
After the Battle of Carentan, Cole led his paratroopers into their
next battle as part of Operation Market Garden, Sept. 17, 1944, when
they parachuted into the Netherlands
Their mission was to secure bridges in Sint-Oedenrode, North Brabant,
Netherlands, which they did. The battalion then moved out to the town
of Best to secure railroad bridges.
On the morning of Sept. 18, 1944, his battalion faced fierce German
opposition from small-arms fire and artillery in the Zonsche Forest.
After radioing for air support, P-47 Thunderbolt aircraft arrived,
firing at German positions — and hitting Cole's battalion as well.
While the attack was underway, Cole was in the process of placing
orange panels on the ground so that pilots could identify his
battalion's position. As he was in the process of doing this, a German
sniper, hiding out in a barn, shot and killed Cole instantly.
He was buried in the Netherlands American Cemetery and Memorial at
Margraten, Netherlands, the only American cemetery in that country where
more than 8,000 U.S. service members are buried.
Cole was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for actions during
the Battle of Carentan, June 11, 1944. He was also awarded the Purple
Heart and the French Croix de Guerre.
"After the devastating and unceasing enemy fire had for over one hour
prevented any move and inflicted numerous casualties, Lt. Col. Cole,
observing this almost hopeless situation, courageously issued orders to
assault the enemy positions with fixed bayonets," Cole's Medal of Honor
citation reads. "With utter disregard for his own safety and completely
ignoring the enemy fire, he rose to his feet in front of his battalion
and with drawn pistol shouted to his men to follow him in the assault.
Catching up a fallen man's rifle and bayonet, he charged on and led the
remnants of his battalion across the bullet-swept open ground and into
the enemy position."
Cole's medal was presented by Army Maj. Gen. Jonathan W. Anderson to
his mother on Oct. 30, 1944, during a ceremony at Fort Sam Houston on
the same parade field where Cole once played as a child. Cole's widow
and 18-month-old son also attended.
According to the Texas State Historical Association, Army Maj. Gen.
Maxwell Taylor, in a handwritten letter to Cole's widow, wrote, "Bob was
our ideal airborne soldier. His courage was legendary, and his hold on
his rugged parachutists is an example which few other commanders ever
attained."
In his condolence note, Eisenhower wrote that Cole was "one of our
ablest and certainly one of our most gallant officers," according to the
association.
During the Normandy invasion, a Stars and Stripes newspaper reporter
mentioned that Cole was "a terror to German troops in the area of the
Cherbourg peninsula," according to an Oct. 30, 1944, article in the Fort
Worth Star-Telegram newspaper.
Although Robert Bruce Cole was exempt from the draft as an only child
and the son of a Medal of Honor recipient, he volunteered to serve in
the Marine Corps during the Vietnam War.
His widow died Dec. 15, 2000, and is buried in a family plot at Fort
Sam Houston National Cemetery. Also buried there is their son, who died
Dec. 5, 2024.
Robert G. Cole Middle and High School in San Antonio is named for
him. A monument to Cole is at the location where he led his battalion in
a bayonet charge and another monument to him is located near the spot
he was killed. Also, plaques commemorating Cole's leadership are in Best
and Carentan. At Fort Campbell, Kentucky, where the 101st Airborne
Division is based, there is a park, a golf course and a community
activity center named after him.