By Jim Garamone
DoD News, Defense Media Activity
WASHINGTON, Aug. 13, 2014 – How strategic deterrence has
changed and whether the United States is equipped for deterrence in the 21st
century are among the questions that will be debated at the U.S. Strategic
Command Deterrence Symposium in Omaha, Nebraska, Stratcom’s commander said
today.
Navy Adm. Cecil D. Haney kicked off the two-day symposium
this morning.
“At the heart of any deterrence analysis is the
understanding of the strategic landscape,” the admiral said.
Today’s world is a complicated place, Haney said, and he
listed some of the concerns that America must address. He noted the continuing
threat from North Korea and Iran. He talked about the ongoing threat in Syria and
Iraq posed by Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant terrorists. The
Russia-Ukraine situation, transnational criminal groups, Israel and Palestine,
frictions in the Western Pacific, terrorism and threats in the cyber realm all
are concerns and all must be addressed, he said.
“Despite the unrest around the globe,” he added, “I firmly
believe that strategic deterrence is relevant and is working.”
At its base, deterrence means adversaries understand that
the response to actions they take would be unacceptably costly, so they refrain
from taking those actions.
But deterrence has changed since the last half of the 20th
century, when mutually assured destruction served as its basis, Haney said.
Today, he said, it is about deterring strategic attack on the United States and
its allies, dissuading adversaries from actions that would counter stability
and peace, and partnering with other combatant commands so all can work
together to demonstrate U.S. resolve.
Nuclear deterrence has its place, Haney said, and Stratcom
must ensure these weapons remain viable. But the nuclear triad, global
conventional strike capabilities, defense in space and the cyber realms are
just a part of deterrence, he added. It also includes robust intelligence
capabilities, a credible missile defense system and a robust communications and
ground infrastructure, he said.
But rogue states, terror networks and transnational criminal
networks, the admiral said, are willing to pay to develop capabilities that
threaten America and this changes the deterrence calculus.
“Threats are evolving at an incredible pace in this complex
world,” he said. “We must look at each one differently, but in an integrated
manner, to make sure we get the deterrence solution right.”
The United States, allies and partners must ensure
adversaries understand that “restraint is always the better course,” he said.
Haney stressed that recapitalization is needed to maintain
effective deterrence in this century. He mentioned the Ohio-class submarine
replacement program, upgraded radars and survivable communications systems,
missile defense investments and investments in people as the most pressing
needs.
“We should not overlook the value to the nation of a
credible strategic deterrent now and into the future,” the admiral said.