Showing posts with label ptsd. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ptsd. Show all posts

Thursday, April 04, 2024

Audie Murphy: American Hero

Audie Murphy, widely regarded as one of the most decorated American combat soldiers of World War II, exemplifies the essence of heroism. His remarkable bravery, selflessness, and unwavering commitment to serving his country have immortalized him as an American icon. This essay delves into the life, accomplishments, and enduring legacy of Audie Murphy, a true American hero.

Early Life and Military Service

Born on June 20, 1925, in Kingston, Texas, Audie Murphy grew up in humble beginnings. His childhood was marked by poverty and hardship, as he was raised in a sharecropper's family of twelve children. Murphy's father abandoned the family when he was young, leaving his mother to single-handedly support the household.

In 1942, at the tender age of seventeen, Murphy lied about his age to enlist in the United States Army. Despite his diminutive stature, standing at just 5 feet 5 inches tall, he was determined to serve his country. Murphy's journey through the military ranks was marked by extraordinary valor and courage on the battlefield.

Combat Actions and Heroic Deeds

Murphy's combat actions during World War II earned him an unparalleled reputation for bravery. He participated in numerous campaigns across Europe, displaying exceptional leadership and fearlessness in the face of enemy fire. One of his most notable feats occurred on January 26, 1945, near Holtzwihr, France.

During a fierce battle against German forces, Murphy's company was decimated, and the young soldier found himself as the sole survivor. Undeterred by overwhelming odds, he climbed onto a burning tank destroyer and used its machine gun to repel the advancing enemy forces. Murphy's courageous stand allowed his company to regroup and ultimately repulse the German attack.

For his actions that day, Audie Murphy was awarded the Medal of Honor, the highest military decoration bestowed by the United States government. His citation praised his indomitable courage and unwavering determination in the face of mortal danger. Murphy's heroism during World War II extended far beyond that single engagement, as he continued to lead his men with distinction until the war's end.

Post-War Life and Legacy

Following the war, Audie Murphy returned to the United States as a celebrated hero. He embarked on a successful career in Hollywood, starring in over forty films and becoming a household name. Despite his fame and fortune, Murphy remained humble and dedicated to honoring the memory of his fallen comrades.

In addition to his acting career, Murphy authored several books detailing his wartime experiences and advocating for veterans' rights. He became a staunch advocate for mental health awareness, openly discussing his struggles with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) resulting from his combat experiences.

Tragically, Audie Murphy's life was cut short when he died in a plane crash on May 28, 1971, at the age of 45. However, his legacy continues to endure as a symbol of courage, sacrifice, and patriotism. His memory lives on in the hearts and minds of Americans, inspiring future generations to embody the values of honor, integrity, and selflessness.

Conclusion

Audie Murphy's life story serves as a testament to the extraordinary resilience and bravery of the human spirit. From his humble beginnings in rural Texas to his legendary exploits on the battlefield, Murphy's journey embodies the essence of the American dream. His unwavering commitment to duty, honor, and country exemplifies the highest ideals of heroism. Audie Murphy will forever be remembered as an American hero whose legacy continues to inspire generations of Americans to strive for excellence and to stand up for what is right, even in the face of adversity.

Tuesday, November 08, 2011

Graffiti of War Exhibit Debuts Veterans Day

By Army Pvt. Andrew Slovensky
362nd Mobile Public Affairs Detachment

WASHINGTON, Nov. 8, 2011 – Overseas-deployed service members’ artwork will be highlighted during a national exhibition tour that kicks off on Veterans Day in Pottsville, Pa.

The “Graffiti of War” project represents an anthology of more than 400 pieces of art left by deployed service members in Iraq, Kuwait and Afghanistan. The collection includes images of graffiti murals painted on the tall concrete barriers at many operating bases in Iraq now being turned over to Iraqi security forces.

Deployed service members have often designed murals on walls around U.S. bases in Iraq. The paintings illustrated unit affiliations, military vehicles and equipment, mythological and historic figures, ranks, names, and anything else that flowed from the creative minds of the artists.

However, those murals are disappearing quickly, being covered over with fresh coats of white paint in preparation for the departure of U.S. troops.

“Painting over the murals is part of giving the installation back to Iraq,”said Army Sgt. Maj. Charles Rosado, 25th Infantry Division tactical command post noncommissioned officer-in-charge on Contingency Operation Base Adder.

But first, the Graffiti of War effort is working to document those murals and artistic efforts so they’re not lost in time.

“The project came to life as an idea within my platoon,” said Jaeson Parsons, an original collaborator and director of operations for Graffiti of War. Parsons, who deployed to Iraq as a combat medic in early 2006, said he and his fellow soldiers were discussing the graffiti they saw during a long mission in Al-Taqaddum Airbase, Iraq.

“Many of these murals are historical markers, a sort of ‘who's who’ of units and divisions that were deployed in this war,” he said.

Parsons made a return trip to Iraq this summer to document many of the murals and expressions.

By displaying them for the American public to see in the Graffiti of War traveling exhibit, he said he hopes to help them better understand the struggles and accomplishments of service members deployed to combat zones.

Parsons, who said he suffered his own battle with post-traumatic stress disorder, wants to raise awareness for PTSD and other “invisible wounds” that service members suffer in combat that are not always evident.

“These murals and artistic creations represent a glimpse of a moment in time when this unit was there, an unconventional record of the decade of war our nation and her warfighters struggled through,” Parsons said.

The Graffiti of War exhibit will debut Nov. 11 to 20 as part of Pottsville’s Block of Art event. Additional venues are being arranged, including a February showing at Wolf Gang Gallery in Montgomery, N.Y.

Thursday, August 11, 2011

Frontline Psych with Doc Bender: Serving Those Who Served

By Dr. James Bender, DCoE psychologist

Dr. James Bender is a former Army psychologist who deployed to Iraq as the brigade psychologist for the 1st Cavalry Division’s 4th Brigade Combat Team out of Fort Hood, Texas. During his deployment, he traveled through Southern Iraq, from Basra to Baghdad. He writes a monthly post for the DCoE Blog on psychological health concerns related to deployment and being in the military.

Hello. It’s been an action-packed week as I was in Washington, D.C., recently for the American Psychological Association (APA) annual convention. I joined about 12,000 fellow psychologists to discuss a variety of topics, including the psychological health of service members and programs highlighting our latest research.

I presented at the workshop, Serving Those Who Served: Partnering with Returning Veterans to Aid Transitions, which was a forum for psychologists to become aware of information, resources and techniques to use when assisting this increasing population. As we know, military and civilian psychologists have an important role: as troops return from deployment, many will seek their help to cope with issues that may arise upon their return home. Keeping this in mind, among the points I emphasized at the training were:

■Don’t be too quick to diagnose a combat veteran: It’s normal for a returning service member to have some nightmares, be jittery around crowds, or feel nervous behind the wheel. However, it’s not normal if combat-related symptoms don’t decrease in a few months: the service member isn’t sleeping at all, has flashbacks, or doesn’t ever want to leave their room.
■Families matter too: Military families (spouses, children, parents, siblings, grandparents, etc.) are also affected by deployment, so it’s important to understand their unique challenges. They can be a great source of information and support and are an important part of treatment.
■Drug and alcohol abuse should be taken seriously: Many people, including service members, like to drink and it’s usually not a problem. But if someone is drinking to calm their anxiety, if it’s the only way they can sleep, or if they’re drinking more and more to achieve the same effect (developing tolerance) it’s time for professional intervention.
■It’s important to be familiar with military culture: There are many qualified psychologists who have never served in uniform and are capable of treating military-related mental health concerns. However, it’s important that a treating provider is familiar with the basics of military life and the impact war can have on their patients.

I left the convention happy to know that the largest professional organization of psychologists is dedicated to helping veterans and service members with their mental health needs. However, they can’t help if military personnel and family members aren’t accessing treatment. If you or someone you know needs help, connect to support and resources by visiting www.realwarriors.net or call the DCoE Outreach Center at 866-966-1020.

Thanks for reading and for your service.

Tuesday, July 05, 2011

FEATURE: Fit for Duty – Building Psychological Resilience

By Jayne Davis, DCoE Strategic Communications

The Military Health System is talking about human performance optimization this month and DCoE is contributing to the conversation by spotlighting the concept of Total Force Fitness, particularly in the domain of psychological health.

Imagine an active-duty service member and what comes to mind? Superior physical fitness may be one thing. Physical fitness is critical to operational success in the military. But military leaders want to see service members both physically and psychologically fit ... a mind-body integration to prepare for continuous optimal performance, enabling both resiliency and recovery.

Traditionally, the military emphasized just the physical – well-trained bodies that meet exacting standards of fitness and preparation for the demands of combat.

Today’s military leaders, aware of the psychological challenges extended and multiple deployments pose, are emphasizing psychological fitness to prepare service members for the rigors of sustained conflict and redeployments.

Psychological fitness is now a focal point for the military to assess a service member’s overall condition pre-, during and post-deployment.

The Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff “Total Force Fitness” initiative looks at the unique pressures on service members and what they need to both be ready for the mission and maintain personal well-being. It lays out a conceptual framework for service branches to develop their own integrated programs to enhance performance and build comprehensive resilience in service members.

Psychological fitness is one of eight domains of fitness the initiative identifies as necessary for service members to be at their resilient best. The other domains are social, behavioral, physical, nutritional, medical, spiritual and environmental.

The August 2010 issue of Military Medicine, “Total Force Fitness for the 21st Century, a New Paradigm,” describes psychological fitness as “the integration and optimization of mental, emotional and behavioral abilities and capacities to optimize performance and strengthen the resilience of warfighters.”

“In simpler terms, that means giving service members the tools to adapt well to adverse circumstances and perform their unit functions well under a variety of stressful conditions,” said Dr. Mark Bates, Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury (DCoE), director of Resilience and Prevention directorate, referring to the definition.

Army Maj. Todd Yosick, deputy director of the directorate, helped develop the Total Force Fitness psychological component and is now helping to create guidelines service branches can use to implement the initiative. According to Yosick, psychological fitness requires training service members to function optimally in the following five areas of assessment remembered as A, B, C, D and E:

Awareness – The capacity to recognize risks in a wide-range of combat and operational environments. Situational awareness is critical for recognizing potential risks to the mission or personnel. For example, a quiet village that’s normally busy may hold hidden risks. Awareness helps one to think about and process the situation and encourages decision-making.

Beliefs – Traumatic events are sometimes an unavoidable part of dangerous missions. Training that addresses the human capability to understand and accept misfortune can strengthen confidence, resolution and ultimately one’s beliefs in their ability to overcome any challenge faced on the battlefield.

Coping – All military personnel will experience challenges that they must overcome to remain psychologically fit and ready. Dangerous missions, feelings of powerlessness, a sense of isolation, increased workload, or in some cases boredom, are prevalent challenges. Support is imperative from leaders, between peers and within the unit. Leadership, communication, cohesion, engagement, flexibility and adaptability are cornerstones of unit fitness and create an environment to enhance and sustain psychological fitness.

Decision-making – Technological advances, developed to help service members make good decisions at the right times, can also overwhelm military personnel with information and inhibit or paralyze decision-making. Training to identify how to select the right information at the right time for the right reason at the lowest levels of leadership informs tactical, operational and strategic decision-making. Decision-making builds mental confidence, which sets the course for a psychologically-fit service member.

Engagement – Engagement is a healthy behavior. Service members should learn to recognize the signs of disengagement in themselves and in others, which builds the collective psychological strength of the unit. At the first signs of disengagement, service members are encouraged to reach out to peers, chaplains, medics, behavioral health officers and other psychological health care providers.

Optimal performance requires rock-solid resilience, which is what the A,B,C,D and E assessment areas and other programs seek to develop in service members during all phases of deployment, with great emphasis on pre-deployment training for both trainers and trainees.

Navy Capt. Paul S. Hammer, DCoE director, told participants at a May 16, 2011, media roundtable discussion on mental health held in Washington, D.C., that the services are now teaching new recruits about post-traumatic stress disorder as part of basic training.

Hammer linked that effort to other service programs that help trainers address psychological fitness when he said, "The Army (incorporates awareness) in resilience training and comprehensive soldier fitness and by training master resilience trainers ... there's a huge effort among the services to really develop a [new] level of resilience."

Comprehensive Soldier Fitness (CSF) is the U.S. Army program for preventative physical and psychological conditioning. It’s a long-term individual assessment and training program for service members, families and Army civilians built on decades of scientific study on performance and readiness.

Total Force Fitness drew from core elements of CSF, such as its five dimensions of strength: physical, emotional, social, family and spiritual. Through CSF’s on-line global assessment tool, or GAT, service members and families can assess and track their “fitness” in each dimension, other than physical, and access tools to improve resilience. The Air Force adapted GAT for its members and families and the Navy and Marines are expected to follow suit.

A major component of CSF is training the trainers. In conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania, CSF offers a 10-day Master Resilience Trainers course to teach resilience skills and how to develop those skills in others. The course is open to Army military and civilian personnel. The expectations are that trainees will return and teach resilience skills to their units, and serve as subject matter experts for their commanders.

In the Association of the United States Army’s January 2011 edition of AUSA News, Maj. Gen. Raymond Carpenter, acting director of the Army National Guard Bureau, said, “The Army should take inspiration from its physical fitness programs that take sometimes out-of-shape recruits and make them physically fit. The Army could do the same thing for mental fitness.”

At the Center for Deployment Psychology (CDP), a DCoE component center, uniformed behavioral health providers including military psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, physician assistants and clinical nurse practitioners, have the option to take an intensive, eight-day course to learn about a spectrum of deployment psychology issues facing service members, families and providers.

The course, “Topics in Deployment Psychology,” examines what service members and families experience throughout the deployment cycle and what military behavioral health specialists experience in forward operating areas. Psychological trauma and resilience in the context of combat deployment are highlighted and protocols are taught to assess and treat trauma-related responses and build resilience.

Dr. Paula Domenici, head of the division of training programs for CDP, said this about psychological fitness, “In our course, ‘Topics in Deployment Psychology,’ a panel of military behavioral health providers who have been in theater share firsthand how they were able to stay psychologically resilient and take care of themselves so they could help deployed service members with problems down range. We provide military behavioral health clinicians with evidence-based psychotherapies and self-care strategies to build their psychological strength for deployment.”

With this new focus on psychological fitness, the next time you think of a service member, their healthy psyche may be the first thing that comes to mind.

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Frontline Psych with Doc Bender: What Does PTSD Mean To You?

Posted by Dr. James Bender, DCoE psychologist

Dr. James Bender is a former Army psychologist who deployed to Iraq as the brigade psychologist for the 1st Cavalry Division’s 4th Brigade Combat Team out of Fort Hood, Texas. During his deployment, he traveled through Southern Iraq, from Basra to Baghdad. He writes a monthly post for the DCoE Blog on psychological health concerns related to deployment and being in the military.

Hi. June 27 is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Awareness Day. It’s designed to promote awareness and dialogue about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few of the only good things to come out of war are the tremendous advances in the science of treating illness and injuries, both physical and psychological. These advances are due partly to more resources and attention being paid to combat-related injuries and partly due to health care providers, unfortunately, getting a lot more practice in treating these conditions.

PTSD was first recognized as a “real” mental illness in this country in 1980 by the American Psychiatric Association in their Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, a long book that lists every mental condition that’s formally recognized. This disorder was around long before that, ever since combat has been around. There are writings by ancient Greek warriors from the Battle of Marathon about soldiers with no physical ailments who suffered because of the stress they encountered. In the American Civil War, PTSD was called “nostalgia” and treatment consisted of a soldier, especially Southern soldiers who lived close to the battlefield, walking home and taking a few days off before returning to the battlefield. (Interestingly, we still use a similar approach today in certain cases.) In World War I it was called shell shock and in World War II it was called neurosis, an old Freudian term that means anxiety. In the Vietnam Era the symptoms were described as combat stress reaction.

Today, there is more awareness, research and treatment for PTSD. Researchers are working hard to increase our understanding of and treatments for the disorder. New advances in brain imaging have led to remarkable discoveries. For example, PTSD actually shrinks a part of the brain called the hippocampus, which grows back with successful treatment.

Unfortunately, we didn’t always understand or appreciate the effects of PTSD the way we do now. A lot of vets from previous wars were labeled as cowards or fakers for speaking about their symptoms or seeking help. Their voices and demands for research and treatment paved the way for the advances we have today. Vietnam vets in particular lobbied professional groups and legislatures to do something about the problem. I do a lot of outreach and advocacy in my job at DCoE and some of the biggest advocates for this generation’s veterans are Vietnam vets. Several of them have told me, “I want America to treat you better than it treated me.”

So this Monday, I’m going to give thanks to all the warriors who worked tirelessly and effectively to bring this problem to the forefront. As both a clinician and a veteran, I owe them a lot.

Thank you for your service. Those of you in Iraq and Afghanistan, stay safe and cool. Leave me a note if you have any questions or comments.

Sunday, June 26, 2011

Ancient Plays Provide Forum for Tough Topics

By Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class (SW/AW) Justin L. Ailes, Naval Station Guantanamo Bay Public Affairs

GUANTANAMO BAY, Cuba (NNS) -- The Joint Stress Mitigation and Restoration Team (JSMART) aboard Naval Station (NS) Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, is sponsoring presentations of "Theater of War" through June 24.

The program, presented by Theater of War Productions, included Hollywood and Broadway actors reading the Greek drama, "Prometheus In Prison," as well as scenes from "Ajax" and "Philoctetes."

"Theater of War is an awareness project that has been touring military sites throughout the United States, Europe, and Cuba, performing ancient plays serving as a catalyst for town-hall discussions on issues that are hard to talk about otherwise," said Bryan Doerries, Theater of War producer. "The idea is to relate the impact of war on families and relationships, and provide a forum to discuss the effects of those experiences, utilizing these ancient plays that timelessly depict the seen and unseen wounds of battle."

Among these Greek tragedies, 'Prometheus In Prison' was written by Greek general Sophocles 2,500 years ago for an audience of more than 17,000 soldiers, said Doerries.

'Prometheus In Prison' portrays a depiction of a prisoner-of-war who has committed political crimes and is sentenced to an eternity of isolation and segregation away from the gods and humanity.

"The play is about how this prisoner rebels against those who have incarcerated him, his family, and friends, and we use this as a forum relating to those who serve in the criminal justice field, and especially here at the detention camp," said Doerries. "The story focuses on the pressures involved with working with self-righteous prisoners and the impact that has on those involved."

The scenes read from 'Philoctetes' depict a psychologically complex tragedy about a Greek warrior marooned on a desert island while his troops wage war without him, showcasing the importance of teamwork and resiliency, added Doerries, while 'Ajax' tells the story of a Greek warrior dealing with depression near the end of the Trojan War, conveying the effects of suicide and the impact it has on families.

"The play gives a voice to depression and suicide so that people see that it's not just them; these issues have been around since the beginning of time," said Francesca Dietz, wife of a Soldier stationed with the 525th Military Police Battalion on Joint Task Force Guantanamo, who will sit on a panel of commentators for the "town hall" discussions that happen after the readings.

The panel includes two veteran or active duty service members with prior deployments, a spouse or family member, and a chaplain or mental health professional.

"After the readings, we discuss our reactions to the play with audience members," said Dietz. "Everyone is involved in the discussion, and it raises awareness of the effects military service can have on individuals, their families including parents, and close friends."

Theater of War helps audience members understand the effects of war on military communities, said Dietz.

"It's okay to feel these things," said Dietz. "Soldiers today are not the first ones to feel anguish over their experiences, and they won't be the last ones. There are people who have been through the same things before and there are resources available to help."

The dramatic readings featured award-winning actors Phyllis Kaufman, Marin Ireland, Brian O'Byrne, William Mills Irwin, and Ato Essandoh.

"People in our audiences, especially military audiences, see their own stories reflected in tales over 2,500 years old, and because they see themselves in these depictions, something very powerful happens," said Doerries. "Audience members feel empowered to speak about their personal tribulations associated with military life and Theater of War provides an honest and sincere platform for those discussions."

Wednesday, June 15, 2011

Veteran Says Counseling Group Saved Her Life

By Karen Parrish
American Forces Press Service

WASHINGTON, June 14, 2011 – A combat veteran who suffers from post-traumatic stress told an audience here today that without the help offered by one nonprofit organization, she wouldn’t be alive.

Jennifer Crane, a 28-year-old Army veteran who deployed to Afghanistan in 2003, said Give an Hour, founded by clinical psychologist Barbara Van Dahlen, offered the free counseling she needed to get her life back.

Give an Hour was among several organizations that participated in a press conference and panel discussion focusing on support for veterans. Navy Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, gave the keynote address at the event held at the Women in Military Service for America Memorial.

In describing her challenges, Crane said she got more than she bargained for after deciding to join the Army at 17.

“My first day of basic training was Sept. 11, 2001,” she said. “I was sitting with a platoon of strangers as the towers fell that day, and my drill sergeants said we were all going to war. They were absolutely right.”

In Afghanistan, Crane said, she saw combat and developed chronic post-traumatic stress disorder.

“It will be eight years this October since I came home, but the experiences still live inside me like it was yesterday,” she said. “It’s still difficult for me to talk about.”

After she returned from Afghanistan, Crane said, she didn’t know where to turn, and for a time was part of the “large percentage of the homeless population” who are veterans.

“It took years of agony before I was able to find help,” she said, adding that there probably are thousands “of people out there just like me who are suffering, and who need the help.”

Crane said the needs of veterans include health care, a support system, a home, an education, employment and society’s acceptance.

“Our vets are struggling to maintain these simple necessities,” she said. “If we cannot come together and find a solution … we will be doing our country a great disservice.”

It wasn’t until she found Give an Hour, Crane said, that she felt hope for her future.

Give an Hour is an association of mental health professionals who offer free counseling for service members, veterans, their families and unmarried partners. With more than 5,600 providers ranged across all 50 states, Puerto Rico and Guam, the organization’s officials estimate members have provided around 40,000 hours of free service.

“The birth of my daughter in 2008 left me in complete shambles,” Crane said. “My [post-traumatic stress disorder] was stronger than ever.”

Without the counselor she found through Give an Hour, “I don’t think I could stand here talking with you today,” she said. “I no longer feel broken … instead, I feel whole.”

While every day is still a struggle, Crane said, “The generosity of my therapist, my community, and the love of my family has given me the faith in society that I so desperately needed.”

Sometimes all people need is to feel someone cares, Crane said, which is why she shared her story at today’s event.

“My community did not have the tools to help me when I came home,” she said. “But sitting here today, you are all proof that we are changing history by banding together.”

Crane urged nonprofit members in the audience to continue their support, and added, “If you’re a veteran, a service member, family of a service member or even friend of a service member, seek the help you need.”

For veterans and their families dealing with the after effects of war, she said, “It can only get better from here.”

Crane said she is now married to her best friend, and is “a fully capable mother” of her 3-year-old daughter.

“I can now manage my condition, and have hope for a better tomorrow,” she said.

Some scars are invisible, and everyone has them, Crane said.

“It is what we choose to do with them that makes the difference,” she concluded.

Wednesday, May 25, 2011

Frontline Psych with Doc Bender: How Mental Health Concerns are Treated In-theater

By Dr. James Bender, DCoE psychologist

Dr. James Bender is a former Army psychologist who deployed to Iraq as the brigade psychologist for the 1st Cavalry Division’s 4th Brigade Combat Team out of Fort Hood, Texas. During his deployment, he traveled through Southern Iraq, from Basra to Baghdad. He writes a monthly post for the DCoE Blog on psychological health concerns related to deployment and being in the military.

I talk to many civilian doctors and they sometimes ask me about treating psychological health concerns in-theater. Many are surprised to learn the extent of our mental health resources: we have psychologists and psychiatrists, provide medications and therapy, and even have programs to help service members quit smoking available. As combat theaters mature, more assets are available to help service members and their mental health. However, there are differences in how we manage mental health treatment in-theater compared to how we manage them at home. While managing care in-theater, because of limited time, importance of the mission and unit cohesion, we use the “BICEPS” model to guide mental health treatment instead of methods civilian providers may be more familiar with.

The “BICEPS” approach uses six components to help guide providers while they manage treatment of service members during intense situations, like being in a war zone:

■Brevity: Treatment is brief, usually a few sessions occurring over days. It's solution-based and future-focused.
■Immediacy: Treatment is provided immediately to keep problems from getting worse. This is when service members can’t wait weeks for a referral from a primary care doctor.
■Centrality: Treatment occurs where the service member is stationed and close to their unit’s medical clinic. Combat stress control clinics are set up to resemble a common doctor or dentist office.
■Expectancy: Service members who experience a psychological health concern are expected to get better with treatment. After reactions pass, the assumption is that the warrior will return to the fight.
■Proximity: Treatment happens on base. Service members aren’t sent miles away to see a psychologist. We don’t want to pull individuals away from their unit, reinforcing the idea that they’re sick or that something is permanently wrong with them. Also, this provides the people in their unit a chance to offer support.
■Simplicity: Treatment should be simple. We look for practical, real-world solutions to address individuals’ war-related psychological and emotional symptoms.
This model ensures deployed providers are able to deliver quality health care, including mental health care, to service members during military deployments.

For more on in-theater care, read the DCoE newsletter article, “BICEPS Model, Leader Support Mitigates Combat Stress.” Also, join us for the May webinar, Operational Stress and In-theater Care Thursday.

Thanks for reading and thank you for your service. Please post a question or comment if you have one.

Tuesday, May 24, 2011

Program Offers Specialized Help to Support Those Transitioning

By Nicolle Bettis, inTransition Program coach

inTransition, a Defense Department (DoD) program, helps service members who are receiving mental health treatment transition—to a new health care system or provider. Program participants are assigned a personal coach who monitors and guides them through their transition.

Nicolle Bettis became an inTransition coach six months ago and although she herself, never served in the military, she feels a strong connection to the military community because of her Navy veteran father and retired government civilian mother. The DCoE Blog staff recently took the opportunity to chat with Nicolle about her work—supporting service members.

Q. What is an inTransition coach?

A. As a coach, I help service members through a transition, like relocating from one base to another; retirement; or temporary leave prior to discharge. I provide resources and information and coordinate mental health treatment. In some cases, I even help the service member initiate treatment for the first time. The treatment can be provided by military treatment facilities, VA hospitals/clinics, TRICARE providers, independent insurance or community service agencies.
 
Q. What makes inTransition different from others programs?

A. I believe inTransition provides a bridge when there’s a gap in services. inTransition helps service members and their families receive continuity of care while moving between health care systems or providers. The majority of service members I work with feel overwhelmed with all the changes they’re experiencing. They’re often juggling many large issues at once like relocating, trying to find employment (or filing for unemployment), struggling financially, enrolling in school—all while coping with mental health concerns, like post-traumatic stress disorder.

The majority, if not all, of the service members I have worked with are unfamiliar with the resources available, including: OEF/OIF program managers at the VA; community resources designed to assist service members; Vet Centers; veteran discounts; support groups; and employment resources specifically designed to help prior-military men and women to name a few.
 
Q. What’s your most memorable experience?

A. Through motivational interviewing techniques, I was able to encourage a guarded service member to open up about their military experiences. After a few sessions, the service member was connected to a mental health professional and thanked me for motivating and assisting them through the process. Helping this service member realize the benefits of continuing treatment was a rewarding feeling because I knew they were on the right track to getting better.


 
Q. What should we know about inTransition?

A. Both providers and service members should know that we offer coaching and support for service members transitioning—we are here to help. Separating from active duty or returning to civilian life can be extremely difficult and just knowing that someone is available to talk to, if and whenever needed, can be comforting. I’ve had several service members say that they appreciate me checking in with them regularly.

Also, as a coach I can provide resources on several topics in addition to mental health, and I think this aspect is often not used because most people simply don’t know about our services.
 
Q. How can people contact inTransition?

Call 800-424-7877 to speak with a licensed clinician 24/7 or visit www.health.mil/inTransition.

Sunday, May 15, 2011

Family Matters Blog: My Husband’s PTSD

American Forces Press Service

WASHINGTON, May 13, 2011 – Diana Veseth-Nelson’s husband, retired Army Capt. Adrian Veseth-Nelson, was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder after his second deployment in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. He received treatment through the Deployment Health Clinical Center’s specialized care program. Here’s Diana’s story of coping with PTSD as a military wife, supporting her husband throughout his treatment and her desire to reach out to other military spouses.

By Diana Veseth-Nelson
May 13, 2011

My husband’s PTSD manifested itself in different ways. I remember Fourth of July at Fort Huachuca, Ariz., when we were all standing outside listening to the band, enjoying the picnic and listening to fireworks. The fireworks bothered Adrian because they sounded so much like gunfire. It made other soldiers upset too, and we all went inside. I thought it was ironic because the celebration was supposed to be for the American soldiers; they couldn’t even enjoy it.

He’d see a can on the side of the road and swerve, thinking it was an improvised explosive device. When he’d go out to dinner with other soldiers, I’d say it looked like a “The Last Supper” painting because they’d all sit there with their backs against the wall. If a room became too busy, he’d want to leave. He’d suddenly become unfriendly or unapproachable. At first, I confused his behavior with depression, or I thought maybe he was just tired. I also couldn’t help but think it had to do with me; I’m only human.

I was fortunate that Adrian was willing to get help once he got back. Once he was diagnosed, I knew we’d know better how to deal with his symptoms. I educated myself on PTSD; I went to his group therapist and reached out to the Real Warriors Campaign for information. But the most important thing I did was to listen to Adrian.

After he took part in the DHCC program, I could tell there was a stark improvement in his ability to manage his PTSD symptoms. The program taught him different ways to manage the symptoms. I never thought he would be into activities like yoga or acupuncture -- now he’s a convert!
I think because Adrian and I communicate well we’ve been fortunate. When a soldier comes home, there’s usually a highly anticipated arrival and perception that everything’s going to be OK now. The truth is, everything may not be OK and getting to that desired state may be more of a process. But in the end, it’s worth it.

We recently moved outside Washington, D.C., and I’m looking to start a support group for significant others since we’re so close to Walter Reed Army Medical Center and other bases. I think spouses need a support network just like service members, especially since some soldiers are not as open as my husband. Some families may have to cope with someone who is in complete denial -- being involved in a support network may help. My hope is to lead a group that does just that, provide support to military families.

Thursday, May 05, 2011

‘Real Warrior’ Finds Path to Physical, Emotional Healing

By Elaine Sanchez
American Forces Press Service

WASHINGTON, May 4, 2011 – Black-and-white photos of Vietnam-era veterans line the wall at a Veterans Affairs center. Some are smiling and others are gazing at a distant point, but in all, an unseen light catches the emotion in their eyes.

The photographer, Stacy Pearsall, a veteran of the more recent wars, strove to capture the character and the experience etched in their faces while listening to their recollections of war.

“Their stories are amazing,” she said.

This line of photos on a wall in a VA center in Charleston, S.C., serves not only as Pearsall’s veteran tribute, but also a milestone in her recovery from physical and emotional wounds of war.

Just a few months earlier, Pearsall had nearly given up hope of working as a photographer again or of taking photos that didn’t serve as a haunting reminder of a painful past.

Pearsall’s photography career took off while she was in the Air Force. As a combat photographer, she took thousands of pictures over the course of her Air Force career, earning her accolades and awards from leaders at all levels of her chain of command.

She traveled extensively for her job, so she felt prepared when she was tasked to deploy to Baghdad in September 2003.

As part of her duties, Pearsall documented a school rebuilding process, and when the school marked its opening with a ceremony in February 2004, she attended. After the ceremony, as the unit prepared to head out, the Humvee she was riding in was making a tight turn on a dead-end street when a roadside bomb detonated.

Pearsall was sitting behind the driver’s seat. The impact threw her forward, and her head hit the back of the seat. But more concerned about her ears, which were bleeding from the concussive sound, she didn’t feel the neck pain until hours later. She was seen by a doctor who chalked it up to whiplash, and she was back out on a mission the next day.

Months later, the headaches and vertigo lingered, as did the severe neck pain. But concerned about her Air Force career, Pearsall didn’t seek treatment. Her deployment ended in March, and she became a student at Syracuse University for a year to hone her photography skills.

She had become accustomed to hiding her pain and the emotional after-effects of combat from others, but was unable to keep them from a friend -- a fellow photographer and Vietnam veteran -- who recognized the signs of post-traumatic stress. He connected her with a Vet Center, where she began counseling.

“It definitely helped me work through a lot of emotions and stress,” she said. “I knew whatever I said to [my therapist] wouldn’t go back to my active-duty command. There was no threat of losing my career.”

After school, Pearsall went on back-to-back deployments, first to Africa, then to Lebanon and finally, back to Iraq. The difference between her first and second Iraq deployments was like night and day, she said. In 2003, she never fired her weapon, but in 2007, she fired it constantly.

Her unit experienced heavy casualties in Diyala province. Pearsall saw bodies of Iraqis who had been executed and mutilated, and comrades shot just a few feet away, which she later had to photograph. People getting wounded or killed was a daily occurrence, she said.

A series of back-to-back events took their toll. Pearsall lost three teammates, and a day later, her video partner was wounded and evacuated. Another friend had been shot in the head right in front of her. “Nothing prepares you for the death of your friends,” she said.

Her photos from that time are haunting.

In one photo, three soldiers are gathered in a dimly lit room, faces downward as if in reflection, a single light shining through a window. Two days before, their teammate had been shot in the head just 10 feet away from where they were standing. In another photo, two soldiers are comforting each other, one close to tears, after the loss of a friend the day before.

“I’m eternally tied to the photographs that I made and those soldiers who were in those photographs,” she said.

The photographer said she had to keep her emotions in check, for her teammates and for the troops who served under her. “I think I handled things pretty well by just not addressing the emotions at the time,” she said.

Pearsall was injured again -- further damaging her neck -- when a roadside bomb detonated during a mission. A few months later, her unit was ambushed. She was running out to help a wounded soldier in the street when a cord attached to her helmet snapped her back. Her head slammed on a Stryker vehicle, again injuring her neck.

The next morning, she felt neck pain unlike anything she had felt before, and she knew it was time to get help. The doctors did an X-ray and she was on a helicopter that day. Her neck injury had grown so severe, the doctors told her, that if she had jolted her head one more time, it would have severed her spinal cord.

Pearsall’s greatest fear -- losing her career -- was now at hand, she said. And her husband, a strong source of support, was deployed at the time. “It was a really ugly time in my life,” she said.

The years of wearing 85 pounds of gear had wreaked havoc on her neck. The doctors told her she wouldn’t be able to work as a photographer or pursue another passion, riding horses, again.

But Dr. Patrick Lovegrove, an Air Force flight surgeon at the time, offered her hope through prolotherapy treatment -- which involves insertion of a 4-inch needle down to the bone -- that lasted for more than two years. Pearsall was able to get off of the pain killers and finally on the road to physical recovery.

Invested in her recovery, her doctor separated from the Air Force, but continued to donate his services to her until the therapy ended in 2009 and she switched over to the VA system.

“I’ll always owe him a debt of gratitude,” she said. The therapy enabled her to ride horses and take photos again, but she knew she’d always have some degree of pain from her degenerative condition.

“It was either adapt to life or shrivel up and die,” she said. Pearsall chose to adapt.

But the loss of her Air Force career affected her, as did the emotional wounds of war that she had pushed aside to focus on her physical recovery. She started seeing a mental health therapist about a year after her deployment.

“The military told me I couldn’t be a photographer for them anymore,” she said. “Mentally, that put me on a roller coaster. What am I good for?”

Pearsall found an answer at the VA medical center in Charleston. While she sat for hours in waiting rooms, she began to notice the men and women around her. Most of the veterans there were from the Vietnam era, and she reached out to hear their stories. She felt inspired to bring her camera and take their portraits, leading to the project that now fills a wall there.

“Just because I was disabled, didn’t make me unable,” she said. “Once I wrapped my own mind around that, I could do more.”

Pearsall plans to keep up her veteran portrait work at VA hospitals in Georgia and North Carolina, then here, and to Maryland and Virginia as well. In another effort aimed at helping veterans, Pearsall provides horse therapy to veterans through a nonprofit group.

Most recently, Pearsall offered to have her story documented for the Defense Department’s “Real Warriors” campaign in hopes of encouraging other veterans and servicemembers to seek help. The campaign in sponsored by the Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury, and it features stories of service members who sought psychological treatment and continued successful military or civilian careers. Her profile is now posted on the Real Warriors website, http://realwarriors.net/.

“My hope is that if they watch my story, they’ll find a way to offload their burden,” she said. “Everyone wears a different amount, but it’s not necessary to carry it around with you all the time.”

Pearsall said the stigma that kept her from getting help has been greatly reduced through projects such as the Real Warrior campaign and through efforts by the Defense and Veterans Affairs departments.

For servicemembers still leery about getting care, Pearsall recommended online support networks, blogs and forums where people can go and shed their burdens. “You’ll see you’re not alone,” she said. “The loss of sleep, nightmares, anxiety, road rage -- they’re products of war.”

Pearsall also hopes leaders will gain a greater understanding of mental health issues and, above all, avoid judgment.

“Be positive and supportive,” she said. “You’re the first in line for that service member.”

While it’s been difficult to discuss, Pearsall said, she believes it’s important to share her story.

“If I get one person to get help if they’re having issues, then I feel like I’ve been successful,” she said.

Wednesday, April 27, 2011

Combat Operational Stress Conference Kicks Off in San Diego

By Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Alan Gragg, Navy Public Affairs Support Element West

SAN DIEGO (NNS) -- Sailors and Marines are learning new ways to fight off the stresses of military life at the 2011 Navy and Marine Corps Combat Operational Stress Control (COSC) Conference in San Diego, April 26-29.

The theme of this year's conference highlights "the critical role of junior leaders" and how their actions are vital in stress management.

"Operational stress increasingly affects our personnel; the stakes are high," said Vice Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Jonathan W. Greenert, one of the conference keynote speakers. "Operational stress control is the foundation for combating that stress, therefore this conference is important. We, as leaders, are charged with the well-being of our Sailors, Marines and their families.

"The collective goal is to build an environment where our people have the skills, support network, and if necessary, the clinical health care to deal with psychological challenges—and succeed," added Greenert.

Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy (MCPON) Rick West also addressed attendees at the onset of the conference and spoke about junior leaders.

"Leadership is not always about rank," said West. "It's the foundation of who we are. Those young leaders are our future and we have to invest in them. Our challenge in the military, for all these programs, is to make sure that our folks know what's out there.

MCPON said making sure the various programs are accessible and that service members are aware of them is important, but leaders should make sure both immediate and extended families are included in the information dissemination.

The annual conference focuses on practical tools leaders can apply to prevent or identify stress, and how early intervention with problems is critical to keeping the military fully operational.

"In my view this is predominantly a leadership issue," said Greenert. "Leaders must be actively engaged in assuring subordinate psychological health and well being. It is complex-- unlike our ships, aircraft and equipment, our people cannot run on 'autopilot,' nor can they be started up and 'placed on the governor.'"

Greenert encouraged leaders to continue to engage their subordinates, to know what is going on in their lives, and added that leaders need to explain how everyone in the chain-of-command plays a vital role.

"Explain how their sacrifices have meaning and value," said Greenert. "Extend the leadership to their families. Facilitate that family readiness and make sure they have the information they need while the unit is gone."

Greenert mentioned ways military leaders can seek help for stress issues, such as the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery's special psychiatric rapid intervention team, the Navy Operation Stress Control Leaders Course, and the Coalition of Sailors Against Destructive Decisions.

A goal for the conference is for leaders at all levels to learn new ways to strengthen the force of the Navy and Marine Corps, along with recognizing stress injuries and effective ways to deal with them.

The conference is scheduled to provide specific information, such as how humor can be used to tackle stress, how sleep affects stress, post-traumatic stress disorder and stigmas of stress injuries.